Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sik

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *sek.

Pronoun

*sik[1]

himself, herself, itself, themselves, oneself

Inflection

Proto-West Germanic personal pronouns

singular	first person	second person	reflexive
nominative	*ik	*þū	-
accusative	*mik	*þik	*sik
dative	*miʀ	*þiʀ	*sik
possessive	*mīn	*þīn	*sīn
dual	first person	second person	reflexive
nominative	*wit	*jit	-
accusative	*unk	*inkw	*sik
dative	*unk		*sik
possessive	*unkar	*inkwar	*sīn
plural	first person	second person	reflexive
nominative	*wiʀ	*jiʀ	-
accusative	*uns	*iwwi	*sik
dative	*uns	*iwwi	*sik
possessive	*unsar	*iuwar	*sīn

Descendants

Old Frisian: sik (likely borrowed)
- Saterland Frisian: sik
Old Dutch: sich, sig (only in Limburgish)
- Middle Dutch: sich, sic, sik (spread to other eastern dialects)
  - Dutch: zich (standardized, likely reinforced by German sich)
    - Afrikaans: sig (rare, obsolete)
- Limburgish: zich
Old High German: sih
- Middle High German: sich
  - Bavarian: si, sich
    - Cimbrian: zich
  - Central Franconian: sich, sech
    - Hunsrik: sich
    - Luxembourgish: sech
  - East Central German: sich
    - Zipser German: ßich
  - German: sich
  - Yiddish: זיך (zikh)
  - → Middle Low German: sik, sek (adapted to native mik, dik)
    - Low German: sik, sek, sük

References

Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 125: “*sik”

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[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 125: “*sik”