< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yorïnčga

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic
*tȫrt *yapurgaklïg *yorïnčga.
A four-leaf clover.

Etymology

Sevortjan suggests a derivation such as *yōr- (“to untie; to interpret”) +‎ *-ïn- +‎ *-ïĺč- +‎ *-ga.

Clauson suggets that the root is obscure much like most words suffixed with *-ga.

Noun

*yorïnčga

  1. (Common Turkic) clover

Declension
Declension of *yorïnčga
Singular 3)
Nominative *yorïnčga
Accusative *yorïnčganï, *yorïnčgag 4), *yorïnčganïg 1)
Genitive *yorïnčganïŋ
Dative *yorïnčgaka
Locative *yorïnčgada
Ablative *yorïnčgadan
Allative *yorïnčgagaru
Instrumental 2) *yorïnčgan
Equative 2) *yorïnčgača
Similative 2) *yorïnčgalayu
Comitative 2) *yorïnčgalïgu
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants
  • Common Turkic:
    • Arghu:
      • Khalaj: yovunca
    • Oghuz:
      • West Oghuz:
        • Old Anatolian Turkish:
          • Azerbaijani: yonca
          • Ottoman Turkish: یونجه (yonca)
            • → Tatar: йонча (yonça)
            • → Bashkir: йонса (yonsa)
            • → Krymchak: yonca
            • → Karaim: yonca
            • Turkish: yonca
            • Gagauz: yonca
      • East Oghuz:
        • Turkmen: ýorunja
    • Karluk:
      • Karakhanid: [script needed] (yorınçğa), [script needed] (yorınça)
        • Uzbek: yoʻngʻichqa
    • Kipchak:
      • West Kipchak:
        • Kumyk: ёнгурчгъа (yoñurçğa)
      • South Kipchak:
        • Karakalpak: йоңыншка (yoñışqa)
        • Kazakh: жоңышқа (joñyşqa), жоңырышқа (joñyryşqa)
        • Nogai: йорынша (yorınşa)
      • East Kipchak:
        • Kyrgyz: жоңгучка (joŋgucka)
    • Siberian:
      • Old Turkic:
        • Old Uyghur: ywrwnčxʾ

References
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yorınçğa”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 971
  • Sevortjan, E. V., Levitskaja, L. S. (1989) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Nauka, page 227
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) “jorynča”, in Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 207
  • Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “yonca”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jon-ɨrčka”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.