< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yȫn

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*yȫn

  1. side
  2. attitude
  3. way (of doing something)

Declension
Declension of *yȫn
Singular 3)
Nominative *yȫn
Accusative *yȫnni, *yȫnüg 4), *yȫnnig 1)
Genitive *yȫnniŋ
Dative *yȫnke
Locative *yȫnte
Ablative *yȫnten
Allative *yȫngerü
Instrumental 2) *yȫnün
Equative 2) *yȫnče
Similative 2) *yȫnleyü
Comitative 2) *yȫnlügü
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.

Adjective

*yȫn

  1. good, appropriate
  2. correct
  3. simple
  4. bad, of poor quality
  5. cheap

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • Old Chuvash *ɕön, *ɕən[1]
      • Western Mari: [script needed] (sən, “luck/happiness; usefulness”), ⇒ [script needed] (sənän, “good, useful”)[2]
  • Common Turkic: *yȫn
  • Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: yön
      • Ottoman Turkish: یوڭ (yöñ)
    • ⇒ Turkmen: ýȫne (“simply”); ⇒ ýȫnelmek (“to head”); ⇒ ýȫnekeý (“crude, simple”)
  • Karluk:
    • ⇒ Uzbek: yoʻnalmoq (“to head”), joʻn
    • ⇒ Uyghur: يۆنەلمەك (yönelmek, “to head”), جۆن (jön, “of poor quality; useful”)
  • Kipchak:
    • North Kipchak:
      • Bashkir: йүн (yün), ⇒ йүнәлеш (yünəleş)
      • Tatar: җүн (cün)
        • → Chuvash: йӳнӗ (jünĕ, “cheap”)
        • → Eastern Mari: йӧн (jön)
    • West Kipchak:
      • ⇒ Crimean Tatar: yönemek
    • East Kipchak:
    • South Kipchak:

Reconstruction notes

The vowel length reconstruction relies solely on the Turkmen reflexes.[3]

References
  1. Räsänen, Martti (1920) Die Tschuwassischen Lehnwörter im Tscheremissischen [Chuvash loan words in Mari], Helsinki: Société Finno-Ougrienne, page 192
  2. Ramstedt, Gustaf John (1902) Bergtscheremissische Sprachstudien, Helsinki: Société Finno-Ougrienne, page 120
  3. Sevortjan, E. V., Levitskaja, L. S. (1989) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Nauka, page 233
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