Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/sāyïn

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

The form *sāyu seen in the Siberian languages are from *sā- (“to count”) +‎ *-yu (“gerundive suffix”) and the rest of the forms seem to be extended with *-ïn (“instrumental suffix”) from that.

Postposition

*sāyïn

every

Descendants

Oghur:
- Volga Bulgar: -ڛَم
  - Chuvash: -сем (-sem)
Common Turkic:

Oghuz:
- Turkmen: sāýyn
Karluk:
- Karakhanid:
  - Chagatai:
    - Uzbek: sayin
    - Uyghur: [script needed] (sayın)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: һайын (hayın)
  - Tatar: саен (sayen)
- West Kipchak:
  - Kumyk: сайын (sayın)
  - Karachay-Balkar: сайын (sayın)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Karakalpak: sayın
    - Kazakh: сайын (saiyn)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: сайын (sayın)
    - Southern Altai: сайын (sayïn)

Common Turkic: *sāyu

Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰽𐰖𐰆 (sayu)
  - Old Uyghur: s՚yw
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: аайы (aayı)
- South Siberian:
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: сай (say)

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “sayu:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 858

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