< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/sïdïr-
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
Akin to Proto-Mongolic *sidur- (“to rub off”), Proto-Tungusic *sidu- (“to rub off, peel off”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Conjugation
Conjugation of *sïdïr- (Common Turkic)
Note: Actual conjugations can be more complex than tables below. Compound forms with the auxiliary *er- not shown.
| Positive | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | *sïdïrmak | |||||||
| participle | present | *sïdïrgan, sïdïrïgma, sïdïrur | ||||||
| past | *sïdïrduk, sïdïrmïš | |||||||
| future | *sïdïrdačï, sïdïrmakčï, sïdïrsïk, sïdïračak | |||||||
| verbal noun | *sïdïrma, sïdïrïg, sïdïrgu | |||||||
| way of doing | *sïdïrïš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | aorist | *sïdïrur ben | *sïdïrur sen | *sïdïrur | *sïdïrur biz | *sïdïrur siz | *sïdïrur | |
| past | simple | *sïdïrdïm | *sïdïrdïŋ | *sïdïrdï | *sïdïrdïk, sïdïrdïmïz | *sïdïrdïŋïz | *sïdïrdï | |
| inferential | *sïdïrmïš ben | *sïdïrmïš sen | *sïdïrmïš | *sïdïrmïš biz | *sïdïrmïš siz | *sïdïrmïš | ||
| future | simple | *sïdïrdačï ben, sïdïrmakčï ben, sïdïračak ben | *sïdïrdačï sen, sïdïrmakčï sen, sïdïračak sen | *sïdïrdačï, sïdïrmakčï, sïdïračak | *sïdïrdačï biz, sïdïrmakčï biz, sïdïračak biz | *sïdïrdačï siz, sïdïrmakčï siz, sïdïračak siz | *sïdïrdačï, sïdïrmakčï, sïdïračak | |
| predictive | *sïdïrgay ben | *sïdïrgay sen | *sïdïrgay | *sïdïrgay biz | *sïdïrgay siz | *sïdïrgay | ||
| necessitive | *sïdïrsïkïm | *sïdïrsïkïŋ | *sïdïrsïk | *sïdïrsïkïmïz | *sïdïrsïkïŋïz | *sïdïrsïk | ||
| conditional | *sïdïrsam, sïdïrsar ben | *sïdïrsaŋ, sïdïrsar sen | *sïdïrsa, sïdïrsar | *sïdïrsak, sïdïrsamïz, sïdïrsar biz | *sïdïrsaŋïz, sïdïrsar siz | *sïdïrsalar, sïdïrsar | ||
| optative | *sïdïrgay ben | *sïdïrgay sen | *sïdïrgay | *sïdïrgay biz | *sïdïrgay siz | *sïdïrgay | ||
| progressive | *sïdïrmakda ben | *sïdïrmakda sen | *sïdïrmakda | *sïdïrmakda biz | *sïdïrmakda siz | *sïdïrmakda | ||
| necessitative | *sïdïrmalïg ben | *sïdïrmalïg sen | *sïdïrmalïg | *sïdïrmalïg biz | *sïdïrmalïg siz | *sïdïrmalïg | ||
| imperative | *sïdïrayïn | *sïdïr, sïdïrgïl | *sïdïrzun | *sïdïralïm | *sïdïrïŋ | *sïdïrzun | ||
| Negative | ||||||||
| infinitive | *sïdïrmamak | |||||||
| participle | present | *sïdïrmagan, sïdïrmagma, sïdïrmaz | ||||||
| past | *sïdïrmaduk, sïdïrmamïš | |||||||
| future | *sïdïrmačï, sïdïrmasïk, sïdïrmayačak | |||||||
| verbal noun | *sïdïrmama, sïdïrmag, sïdïrmagu | |||||||
| way of doing | *sïdïrmayïš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | aorist | *sïdïrmaz ben | *sïdïrmaz sen | *sïdïrmaz | *sïdïrmaz biz | *sïdïrmaz siz | *sïdïrmaz | |
| past | simple | *sïdïrmadïm | *sïdïrmadïŋ | *sïdïrmadï | *sïdïrmadïk, sïdïrmadïmïz | *sïdïrmadïŋïz | *sïdïrmadï | |
| inferential | *sïdïrmamïš ben | *sïdïrmamïš sen | *sïdïrmamïš | *sïdïrmamïš biz | *sïdïrmamïš siz | *sïdïrmamïš | ||
| future | simple | *sïdïrmačï ben, sïdïrmayačak ben | *sïdïrmačï sen, sïdïrmayačak sen | *sïdïrmačï, sïdïrmayačak | *sïdïrmačï biz, sïdïrmayačak biz | *sïdïrmačï siz, sïdïrmayačak siz | *sïdïrmačï, sïdïrmayačak | |
| predictive | *sïdïrmagay ben | *sïdïrmagay sen | *sïdïrmagay | *sïdïrmagay biz | *sïdïrmagay siz | *sïdïrmagay | ||
| necessitive | *sïdïrmasïkïm | *sïdïrmasïkïŋ | *sïdïrmasïk | *sïdïrmasïkïmïz | *sïdïrmasïkïŋïz | *sïdïrmasïk | ||
| conditional | *sïdïrmasam, sïdïrmasar ben | *sïdïrmasaŋ, sïdïrmasar sen | *sïdïrmasa, sïdïrmasar | *sïdïrmasak, sïdïrmasamïz, sïdïrmasar biz | *sïdïrmasaŋïz, sïdïrmasar siz | *sïdïrmasalar, sïdïrmasar | ||
| optative | *sïdïrmagay ben | *sïdïrmagay sen | *sïdïrmagay | *sïdïrmagay biz | *sïdïrmagay siz | *sïdïrmagay | ||
| progressive | *sïdïrmamakda ben | *sïdïrmamakda sen | *sïdïrmamakda | *sïdïrmamakda biz | *sïdïrmamakda siz | *sïdïrmamakda | ||
| necessitative | *sïdïrmamalïg ben | *sïdïrmamalïg sen | *sïdïrmamalïg | *sïdïrmamalïg biz | *sïdïrmamalïg siz | *sïdïrmamalïg | ||
| imperative | *sïdïrmayayïn | *sïdïrma, sïdïrmagïl | *sïdïrmazun | *sïdïrmayalïm | *sïdïrmayïŋ | *sïdïrmazun | ||
Descendants
- Common Turkic:
- →? Chuvash: шăйăр (šăjăr)
- Arghu:
- Khalaj: sıdırmaq
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (sıdırmaq)
- Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
- Tatar: [script needed] (sıyır-) (dialect)
- West Kipchak:
- Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (sıyır-)
- South Kipchak:
- Caspian:
- Kazakh: сиыру (siyru)
- Nogai: [script needed] (sıyır-)
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
- Kyrgyz: сыйруу (sıyruu)
- Southern Altai: сыйырар (sïyïrar)
- Caspian:
- North Kipchak:
- Siberian:
- South Siberian:
- Yenisei Turkic:
- Western Yugur: [script needed] (sızır-)
- Khakas: сызырарға (sızırarğa)
- Shor: сызырарға (sızırarğa)
- Yenisei Turkic:
- South Siberian:
References
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*sɨdɨr-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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