Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bile

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative forms

*bula

Alternative reconstructions

*bilen
*birlen
*birle

Etymology

Possibly derived from *bīr (“1, one”). Also akin to *birge and *birče with similar meaning.

Reconstruction notes

The letter /-l-/ turns into the letter /-n-/ in several Kypchak languages.
Gokturk, Chuvash, Old Uyghur and Ottoman words birle possibly inherited from another different variant.

Preposition

*bile

with

Adverb

*bile

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: пӗрле (pĕrle, “together”), -пе (-pe), -па (-pa)
Common Turkic: *birle

Arghu:
- Khalaj: bilə, -la, -lə
Oghuz:
- West Oghuz:
  - Old Anatolian Turkish: ایله (ile)
    - Azerbaijani: ilə, -la, -lə
    - Ottoman Turkish: ایله (ile), برله (birle); بیله (bile); ایلن (ilen); ـله (-le, -la)
      - Turkish: ile, -le
- East Oghuz:
  - Salar: bili (“together (with)”), -la (“with”)
  - Turkmen: bilen
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (birlä, bilä)
  - Chagatai: بلن, برلە (bilän, birlä)
    - Uyghur: بىلەن (bilen)
    - Uzbek: bilan
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: менән (menən)
  - Tatar: белән (belän)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: ile
  - Karachay-Balkar: бла (bla)
  - Kumyk: булан (bulan)
- South Kipchak:
  - Karakalpak: менен
  - Kazakh: мен (men)
  - Nogai: мен (men)
- East Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: менен (menen)
  - Southern Altai: мынаҥ (mïnaŋ)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: [script needed] (birle)
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (birlä)
- South Siberian:
  - Tuvan: -биле (-bile), биле (bile)
  - Western Yugur: pli

References

http://turkic.elegantlexicon.com/turkforms.php?form=with
Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 364-365
Sevortjan, E. V. (1978) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Nauka, pages 140-142
Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*bile (bula)”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

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