Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bek

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Adjective

*bek

firm, solid

Descendants

Common Turkic: *bek

Arghu:
- Khalaj: bək
Oghuz:
- Proto-Oghuz: *bek
  - Old Anatolian Turkish: بك, پك
    - Azerbaijani: pək
    - Ottoman Turkish: پك (pek), بك (bek)
      - Turkish: pek
  - Turkmen: berk, bek
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: بِكْ (bék)
  - Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (bek)
    - Chagatai: بك (bek)
      - Uyghur: بەك (bek)
Kipchak:
- Kipchak: بك (bäk)
  - North Kipchak:
    - Bashkir: бик (bik)
  - West Kipchak:
    - Kumyk: бек (bek)
  - South Kipchak:
    - Caspian:
      - Kazakh: бек (bek)
    - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      - Kyrgyz: бек (bek)
      - Southern Altai: бек (bek)
Siberian Turkic:
- Old Turkic:
  - Old Uyghur: [script needed] (bek)

⇒ Proto-Turkic: *bekle-

Oghuz: بَكْلَنْماكْ (beklenmēk, “to indurate”), بَكْلَشْماكْ (bekleşmēk, “to make a pact”)
- Old Anatolian Turkish: بكلهمك (“to hide; to conserve”)
  - Azerbaijani: bəkləmək (“to conserve; to watch”)
  - Ottoman Turkish:
    - Turkish: beklemek (“to wait; to conserve, watch; to expect”), beklenmek, bekleşmek
- Salar: bekle, bekleş, beklet
- Turkmen: beklemek (“to lock; to attach, to link”), beklenmek, bekleşmek

References

al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume II, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 239
XIII. Yüzyılından Beri Türkiye Türkçesiyle Yazılmış Kitaplarından Toplanan Tanıklarıyle Tarama Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları; 212)‎ (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1963–1977

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