< Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic

Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/ʒuga

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Etymology

From *ʒu- +‎ *-ga. Some of descendants, point on the derived form *ʒuganī.

Compared to Proto-Mongolic *jun (“summer”) (Whence Mongolian зун (zun)).

Noun

*ʒuga

  1. summer

Declension
Declension of *ʒuga
Singular
Nominative *ʒuga
Accusative *ʒugaba
Genitive *ʒugaŋī
Dative *ʒugadua
Locative *ʒugala
Ablative *ʒugadiki
Prolative *ʒugali
Elative *ʒugagiʒi
Instrumental *ʒugaʒi
Delative *ʒugalāki
Directive *ʒugatiki
Comitative *ʒugagili

Adverb

*ʒuga

  1. in summer

Descendants
  • Jurchenic:
    • Jurchen: dʒua, 荘里 (juwari /⁠zhuang-li⁠/)
  • Tungusic:
    • North Tungusic:
      • Even: дьугани (ʒugaņi)
      • Evenki: дюгани (ʒugaņi)
      • Negidal: ӡоа (ʒoa)
      • Oroqen: dʒua
      • Solon: ǯụga
    • South Tungusic:
      • Central:
        • Oroch: дюва (žuwa)
        • Udihe: ӡуа (žua)
      • South-Eastern:
        • Nanai: дёа (žoa)
        • Orok: ду́ва (žúwa), ӡу́ва (žúwa)
        • Ulch: дюва (žụwa), дюу̇а (žụa)

See also
Seasons in Proto-Tungusic (layout · text) · category
*nelki (“spring”)
*ńeŋńe (“spring”)		 *ʒuga (“summer”) *bola (“autumn”) *töge (“winter”)

References
  • Benzing, Johannes (1955) Die tungusischen Sprachen. Versuch einer vergleichenden Grammatik (Abhandlungen der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse; 11) (in German), Wiesbaden: Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur in Mainz in Kommission bei Franz Steiner Verlag, page 95
  • Cincius, V. I. (1975) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Leningrad: Nauka, page 268
  • Kane, Daniel (1989) The Sino-Jurchen Vocabulary of the Bureau of Interpreters (Uralic and Altaic Series; vol. 153), Bloomington, Indiana: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, →ISBN, page 187.
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