Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/volkъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *walkas, from Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)wolk-o, equivalent *velťi (“to drag”) +‎ *-ъ. Cognate with Latvian vàlka (“draught”), Lithuanian valkà (“draught”), Ancient Greek ὁλκός (holkós, “windlass”). Compare German Zug for similar semantic development.

Noun

*vȏlkъ m

portage?, dragnet?

Inflection

Declension of *vȏlkъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*vȏlkъ	*vȏlka	*vȏlci
genitive	*vȏlka	*volkù	*võlkъ
dative	*vȏlku	*volkomà	*volkòmъ
accusative	*vȏlkъ	*vȏlka	*vȏlky
instrumental	vȏlkъmь, vȏlkomь^*	*volkomà	*volký
locative	*vȏlcě	*volkù	*volcě̃xъ
vocative	*volče	*vȏlka	*vȏlci

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Related terms

*velťi
*volka (“place where something is drawn, pulled”)

Derived terms

*obolkъ

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: волокъ (volokŭ)
  - Old Ruthenian: волокъ (volok)
  - Russian: во́лок (vólok)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: влак (vlak)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: вла̑к
  
  Latin script: vlȃk
- Slovene: vlak
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: vlak
  - Czech: vlak
- Old Polish: włok
  - Polish: włok
- Slovak: vlak

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vȏlkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 526
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “во́лок”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

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