Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/věra

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wēˀrāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁reh₂, from *weh₁- (“true”).

Noun

*vě̀ra f

faith, belief

Inflection

Declension of *vě̀ra (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*vě̀ra	*vě̀rě	*vě̀ry
genitive	*vě̀ry	*vě̀ru	*vě̀rъ
dative	*vě̀rě	*vě̀rama	*vě̀ramъ
accusative	*vě̀rǫ	*vě̀rě	*vě̀ry
instrumental	vě̀rojǫ, vě̀rǭ^**	*vě̀rama	*vě̀ramī
locative	*vě̀rě	*vě̀ru	vě̀rasъ, vě̀raxъ^*
vocative	*vě̀ro	*vě̀rě	*vě̀ry

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

*věrьnъ
*věriti, *věrovati

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: вѣра (věra)
  - Old Ruthenian: вѣра (věra)
    - Belarusian: ве́ра (vjéra)
    - Ukrainian: ві́ра (víra)
  - Russian: ве́ра (véra)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: вѣра (věra)
- Bulgarian: вя́ра (vjára)
- Macedonian: вера (vera)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ве̏ра
  
  Latin script: vȅra
  - Chakavian (Vrgada): vȉra
  - Chakavian (Orbanići): vȅra
  - Kajkavian (Bednja): vȅro
- Slovene: vẹ́ra (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: viera
  - Czech: víra
- Old Polish: wiera
  - Polish: wiara
- Slovak: viera
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: wěra
  - Lower Sorbian: wěra

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) “*věra”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 520
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “вера”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “вера”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 141
Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “вера”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa

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