< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/soxa

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śokˀāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱokh₂-. Cognates within Baltic include Latvian sakas pl (“collar”), čaka (“stick”), Lithuanian šakà,[1] šãkė (“branch”). Further related to Gothic 𐌷𐍉𐌷𐌰 (hōha, “plough”), Sanskrit शाखा (śākhā, “branch”). The Slavic *-x- is typically explained as result of spirantization of PIE *-kh₂-. Compare however Russian осо́ка (osóka, “sedge”), possibly from the same root.

Additionally reminiscent of Proto-Germanic *sahsą (“stone, knife”), Latin saxum (“stone”) from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”) (whence Proto-Slavic *sěčivo (“edge tool”)).

Noun

soxà f[2][3][4]

  1. forked stick
  2. wooden plow

Declension
Declension of *soxà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *soxà *sȍśě *sȍxy
genitive *soxý *soxù *sòxъ
dative *sośě̀ *soxàma *soxàmъ
accusative *sȍxǫ *sȍśě *sȍxy
instrumental *soxojǫ́ *soxàma *soxàmi
locative *sȍśě *soxù *soxàsъ, *soxàxъ*
vocative *soxo *sȍśě *sȍxy
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Derived terms
  • *orzsoxa (“fork”)
  • *posoxъ, *posoxa (“staff”)
  • *sošьka (“baluster”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: соха (soxa)
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: соха́ (sohá)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: со̀ха
      Latin script: sòha
      • Chakavian (Vrgada): sohȁ
    • Slovene: sóhа (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “соха́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “соха”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 371

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2015) “šaka”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 439
  2. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*soxà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 458
  3. Olander, Thomas (2001) “soxa soxy”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c forked branch; wooden plow (NA 88, 141; SA 24; PR 138)”
  4. Snoj, Marko (2016) “soha”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *soxa̋”
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