< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/soti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Probably reflects an archaic perfect of otherwise disputed root:
- Meillet, Vasmer: Derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱep- (“to blow, to grunt”), akin to Sanskrit शपति (śapati, “to curse, to blame”).
- Snoj: From Proto-Indo-European *swep- (“to sleep”) (presumably originally: “to breathe heavily”[1]), with counterparts in Baltic such as Lithuanian svėpúoti (“to inhale”), Latvian svēpēt (“to smoke”).
Alternative forms
- *sopěti (more frequently attested)
Conjugation
Conjugation of *soti, *so, *sopetь (impf., -V/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *sotьje | *soti | *sotъ | *solъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *sotъ | *sopomъ |
| Active | *sovъ | *sopy |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *soxъ | *so | *so | *sopǫ | *sopeši | *sopetь |
| Dual | *soxově | *sosta | *soste | *sopevě | *sopeta | *sopete |
| Plural | *soxomъ | *soste | *sošę | *sopemъ | *sopete | *sopǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *sopěaxъ | *sopěaše | *sopěaše | — | *sopi | *sopi |
| Dual | *sopěaxově | *sopěašeta | *sopěašete | *sopěvě | *sopěta | — |
| Plural | *sopěaxomъ | *sopěašete | *sopěaxǫ | *sopěmъ | *sopěte | — |
Derived terms
- *sopati (“to snap at”) (factitive)
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: со́пам се pf (sópam se), со́пвам се impf (sópvam se)
- South Slavic:
- *sopъtiti (“to snot”)
- *sopotъ (“place with echo, resound”)
- *sopľь, *sopělь (“pipe, flute”)
- *sopьcь (“flute player”)
- *sopějь, *sopuxъ (“fuzz, blur, sooth”)
- *sopъlь, *sopolъ, *sopъľa (“snot”)
Related terms
- *sapъ (“groan”)
- *sapati, *sapiti (“to whine, to groan”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: сапці́ (sapcí)
- Ukrainian: сопти́ (soptý) (dialectal, obsolete)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic script: соти (soti), сопсти (sopsti, “to play a flute”)
- Glagolitic script: ⱄⱁⱅⰺ (soti), ⱄⱁⱂⱄⱅⰺ (sopsti)
- Slovene: sópsti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
References
- Snoj, Marko (2016) “sopsti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *so(p)ti̋, sed. *sȍpǫ”
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сопеть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “сопіти”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 355
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