Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/prǫdъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Deverbal from *pręsti (“to spin”). Continues Proto-Balto-Slavic *(s)pranˀdas, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)prend- (“to spin, to swift”).

Noun

*prǫ̃dъ m[1][2]

stream, current
sand bank

Declension

Declension of *prǫ̃dъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*prǫ̃dъ	*prǭdà	*prǭdì
genitive	*prǭdà	*prǭdù	*prǫ̃dъ
dative	*prǭdù	*prǭdòma	*prǭdòmъ
accusative	*prǫ̃dъ	*prǭdà	*prǭdỳ
instrumental	prǭdъ̀mь, prǭdòmь^*	*prǭdòma	*prǫ̃dy
locative	*prǭdě̀	*prǭdù	*prǫ̃děxъ
vocative	*prǫde	*prǭdà	*prǭdì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

*prǫdělь (“bank”)
*prǫdišče (augmentative)

Related terms

*prǫdъkъ (“rapid, hasty”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: прѫдъ (prǫdŭ), прудъ (prudŭ)
  - Old Ruthenian: прудъ (prud)
    - Belarusian: пруд (prud) (dialectal)
    - Ukrainian: пруд (prud)
  - Russian: пруд (prud)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: пръд (prǎd); прунд (prund) (dialectal)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: пру̑д
  
  Latin script: prȗd
- Slovene: pród
West Slavic:
- Kashubian: prąd
- Old Czech: prúd
  - Czech: proud
- Old Polish: prąd
  - Masurian: prónd
  - Polish: prąd
  - Silesian: prōnd
- Slovak: prúd
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: prud

Non-Slavic:
- → Hungarian: porond
- → Romanian: prund

References

Olander, Thomas (2001) “prǫdъ prǫda”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b dam (SA 79, 126, 156; PR 134; RPT 102)”
Snoj, Marko (2016) “prod”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *prǫdъ̏”

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пруд”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пръд¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 817

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[1] Olander, Thomas (2001) “prǫdъ prǫda”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b dam (SA 79, 126, 156; PR 134; RPT 102)”

[2] Snoj, Marko (2016) “prod”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *prǫdъ̏”