< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mьrknǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Derksen, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *mirˀk-, from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥Hk-, from the root *merHk-. Cognate with Lithuanian mirksė́ti (“to blink”), mérkti (“to close one's eyes”) (1sg. mérkiu, 1sg. past mérkiau), Latvian mir̂kšķêt, mir̂kšêt (“to blink”), mir̃kšķinât (“to blink, to make a sign”), Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌽𐍃 (maurgins, “morning”). Vasmer adds Sanskrit मर्क (marká-, “solar eclipse”) as a possible, if uncertain, cognate. Chernykh adds as a cognate Old Irish mrecht (“multicolored, motley, spotted”) as well as Old Norse murta (“small trout”) < *mr̥Hk-t-, due to its spotted coloring and the exact correspondence with the previously mentioned Old Irish word.

Verb

*mь̀rknǫti impf or pf[1][2]

  1. to become dark, to darken

Inflection
Conjugation of *mьrknǫti, *mьrče, *mьrknetь (impf./pf., -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*mьrčenьje *mьrknǫti *mьrknǫtъ *mьrklъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *mьrčenъ *mьrknomъ
Active *mьrkъ *mьrkny
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *mьrk(ox)ъ*mьrče*mьrče *mьrknǫ*mьrkneši*mьrknetь
Dual *mьrk(ox)ově*mьrk(e/os)ta*mьrk(e/os)te *mьrknevě*mьrkneta*mьrknete
Plural *mьrk(ox)omъ*mьrk(e/os)te*mьrkǫ, *mьrkošę *mьrknemъ*mьrknete*mьrknǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *mьrkněaxъ*mьrkněaše*mьrkněaše —*mьrkni*mьrkni
Dual *mьrkněaxově*mьrkněašeta*mьrkněašete *mьrkněvě*mьrkněta—
Plural *mьrkněaxomъ*mьrkněašete*mьrkněaxǫ *mьrkněmъ*mьrkněte—

Alternative forms
  • *mьrkati
  • *mȏrkъ (“darkness”)
  • *mьrkъ (“darkness? eclipse? twilight?”)
  • *mь̀rkъ (“dark”)

Derived terms
  • *pomьrknǫti

Descendants

*mьrknǫti:

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: мьркнꙋти (mĭrknuti)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: мрькнѫти (mrĭknǫti), мръкнѫти (mrŭknǫti)
    • Bulgarian: мръ́кна (mrǎ́kna)
    • Macedonian: мркне (mrkne)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: мр̏кнути
      Latin script: mȑknuti
    • Slovene: mŕkniti (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: mrknúti
    • Polish: mierzchnąć
    • Slovak: mrknuť
    • Slovincian: mjêrzknõc

*mьrťi?:

  • Ukrainian: ме́ркти (mérkty)
  • Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: мр̏ћи
    Latin script: mȑći

Further reading
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “ме́ркнуть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 524
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ме́ркнуть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьrknǫti I/*mьrkt’i”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 133

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*mь̀rknǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 341: “v. (a) ‘become dark’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “mьrknǫti: mьrknǫ mьrknetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 211, 259; PR 133)”
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