< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lǫka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lankāˀ, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *lengʷʰ-, the source of Proto-Germanic *lingwą (“heather”).[1][2] Or, both are from a substrate source, as suggested by the irregular velar correspondences (note also the synonym *lǫ̑gъ). In any case, cognate with Latvian lañka (“bend of a river, big low-lying meadow, big puddle”), Lithuanian lankà (“water-meadow, swamp”).

Noun

*lǭkà f[3][4]

  1. low-lying meadow, water-meadow
    Synonym: *lǫ̑gъ

Inflection
Declension of *lǭkà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *lǭkà *lǫ̃cě *lǭkỳ
genitive *lǭkỳ *lǭkù *lǫ̃kъ
dative *lǭcě̀ *lǭkàma *lǭkàmъ
accusative *lǭkǫ̀ *lǫ̃cě *lǭkỳ
instrumental *lǭkòjǫ, *lǫ̃kǫ** *lǭkàma *lǭkàmī
locative *lǭcě̀ *lǭkù *lǭkàsъ, *lǭkàxъ*
vocative *lǫko *lǫ̃cě *lǭkỳ
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: лука (luka)
    • ⇒ Belarusian: луковіна (lukóvina)
    • Russian: лука́ (luká)
    • Ukrainian: лука́ (luká)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: лѫка (lǫka)
      Glagolitic script: ⰾⱘⰽⰰ (lǫka)
    • Bulgarian: лъка́ (lǎká), лъ́нка (lǎ́nka) (dialectal)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: лу́ка
      Latin script: lúka
    • Slovene: lọ́ka
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: lúka
    • Polish: łąka
    • Slovak: lúka
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: łuka
      • Upper Sorbian: łuka

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “лука́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 1895, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1895
  2. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “lingwa”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  3. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*lǭkà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 288: “f. ā (b) ‘low-lying medow, water-meadow’”
  4. Olander, Thomas (2001) “lǫka lǫky”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b bend, curve; meadow at a river bend (NA 91, 144; SA 20; PR 135)”
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