< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kavъka
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Onomatopoeic.
Inflection
Declension of *kavъka (hard a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kavъka | *kavъcě | *kavъky |
| genitive | *kavъky | *kavъku | *kavъkъ |
| dative | *kavъcě | *kavъkama | *kavъkamъ |
| accusative | *kavъkǫ | *kavъcě | *kavъky |
| instrumental | *kavъkojǫ, *kavъkǫ** | *kavъkama | *kavъkami |
| locative | *kavъcě | *kavъku | *kavъkasъ, *kavъkaxъ* |
| vocative | *kavъko | *kavъcě | *kavъky |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: ка́ўка (káŭka)
- Carpathian Rusyn: ка́вка (kávka)
- Ukrainian: ка́вка (kávka) (dialectal)
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: ка́вка (kávka) (dialectal)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: ка̑вка
- Slovene: kȃvka (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Non-Slavic:
- → Romanian: ceucă
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ка́ва”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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