< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kadь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Ancient Greek κάδιον (kádion), a diminutive form of Ancient Greek κάδος (kádos, “bucket, jar”), of Semitic origin. Also borrowed in Latin cadus (“bottle, jar”), whence English cade.

Maček, Miklošič, and Trubachev do not exclude a native origin due to the slight semantic difference from the Greek term and also because of (sparse) evidence for alternative ū-stem forms such as dialectal Russian ка́довь (kádovʹ, “cask”) (generalized from gen. of Proto-Slavic *kady). Possible origin (per Machek) from Proto-Indo-European *kādʰ- (“convex shape”), with hypothetical cognate Ancient Greek κηθίς (kēthís, “urn”).

Noun

kȃdь f[1]

  1. cask, vat
    Synonym: *bъči

Alternative forms
  • *kady (ū-stem)
  • *kada, *kaďa (a/ja-stem)

Inflection
Declension of *kadь (i-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *kadь *kadi *kadi
genitive *kadi *kadьju, *kaďu* *kadьjь, *kadi*
dative *kadi *kadьma *kadьmъ
accusative *kadь *kadi *kadi
instrumental *kadьjǫ, *kaďǫ* *kadьma *kadьmi
locative *kadi *kadьju, *kaďu* *kadьxъ
vocative *kadi *kadi *kadi
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms
  • *kadьca, *kadъka (diminutive)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: кадзь (kadzʹ), ка́дка (kádka)
    • Russian: кадь (kadʹ) (dialectal), ка́дка (kádka, “tub”)
    • Ukrainian: кадь (kadʹ, “measure of volume”) (historical)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: кадь (kadĭ)
      Glagolitic script: ⰽⰰⰴⱐ (kadĭ)
    • Bulgarian: кад (kad) (dialectal), ка́ца (káca)
    • Macedonian: каца (kaca)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: ка́да
      Latin script: káda
    • Slovene: kȁd (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: kád, kádcě
    • Polish: kadź
    • Slovak: kaďa
    • Sorbian:

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кадь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kadь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 112
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “кад²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 128

References
  1. Snoj, Marko (2016) “kad”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *kȃdь”
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