< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kъžьde

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

Etymology

From *kъ (“who”) +‎ *žьde (“any, ever”). The all-Slavic range of the word is evidenced by an alternative form. In post-Proto-Slavic displaced by *kъžьdъ with adjective-like declension.

Pronoun

*kъžьde[1][2]

  1. (West and South Slavic, originally) anybody, anyone
  2. (West and South Slavic) each, every
    Synonyms: *kažьde, *kožьde

Declension
Declension of *kъžьde (pronominal, irregular)
singular
nominative *kъžьde
genitive *kogožьde
dative *komužьde
accusative *kogožьde
instrumental *cěmьžьde
locative *komьžьde

Descendants
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: къжде (kŭžde)
      Glagolitic script: ⰽⱏⰶⰴⰵ (kŭžde)
  • West Slavic:
    • ⇒? Old Polish: kieżdy (hapax?)

References
  1. Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “każdy”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 225
  2. Králik, Ľubor (2016) “každý”, in Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny [Concise Etymological Dictionary of Slovak] (in Slovak), Bratislava: VEDA; JÚĽŠ SAV, →ISBN, page 262

Further reading
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kažьdъjь / *kožьdъjь / *kъžьdo”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 175
  • Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1988), “ка́жды”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 4 (К – ка́ята), Minsk: Navuka i technika
  • Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “кожний”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 493
  • Vasmer, Max (1967) “каждый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 2 (Е – Муж), Moscow: Progress
  • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “każdy”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), volume 2, →ISBN, page 621
  • Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “każdy”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volumes II: K—Kot, Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego, page 114
  • Igartua, Iván (2006) “The Old Russian Pronoun къжьдо. Etymology and Agreement”, in Russian Linguistics‎, →DOI, pages 53-70
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