< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьz

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative reconstructions

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *iź, *iś, from Proto-Indo-European *eḱs, *eǵʰs, *h₁eǵʰs (“out of”). Cognates with Lithuanian iš (dialectally iž), Latvian iz, Old Prussian is.

Preposition

*jьz[2][3]

  1. (+ genitive) from, out of
    Synonyms: *otъ, *vy(d)
    Antonyms: *vъ(n), *kъ(n)

Usage notes

Also used as a prefix *jьz- alongside *vy-.

Derived terms
  • *jьz zadъ (“out of the back”)
  • *jьz perdъ (“out of the front”)
  • *jьz podъ (“out of the bottom”)
  • *jьz nadъ (“out of the top”)
  • *jьz otъ (“out of”)
  • *e (“emphatic particle”)
    • *ejь (“this (emphatic)”)
    • *ovъ (“this (demonstative)”)
    • *i (“and”) (locative)
    • *ju (“besides”) (dative)
    • *ě (“let”) (old instrumental)
  • *vъz, *uz (“by, up, atop of”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: изъ (izŭ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: из (iz), изъ (izŭ)
    • Bulgarian: из (iz)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: из
      Latin script: iz
    • Slovene: iz (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Kashubian:
    • Old Czech: z, ze
      • Czech: z
    • Old Polish: z, s, se, ze
      • Masurian: z
      • Polish: z
      • Silesian: z
    • Slovak: z, zo
    • Pomeranian:
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: z, ze
      • Lower Sorbian: z, ze

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “из”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*jьz”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 6
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “из”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 15

References
  1. Olander, Thomas (2001) “iz”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “(prep. and prefix) (PR 146)”
  2. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*jьz”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 217: “prep./pref. ‘from, out of ’”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016) “iz”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *jьz”
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