< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gořestь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *gorьkъ (“bitter”) +‎ *-ostь.

Noun

*gořestь f

  1. bitterness
  2. (by abstraction) sorrow, grief

Declension
Declension of *gořestь (i-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *gořestь *gořesti *gořesti
genitive *gořesti *gořestьju, *gořesťu* *gořestьjь, *gořesti*
dative *gořesti *gořestьma *gořestьmъ
accusative *gořestь *gořesti *gořesti
instrumental *gořestьjǫ, *gořesťǫ* *gořestьma *gořestьmi
locative *gořesti *gořestьju, *gořesťu* *gořestьxъ
vocative *gořesti *gořesti *gořesti
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: го́ресть (górestĭ)
      • Old Ruthenian: го́ресть (hórestʹ)
        • Belarusian: го́рaсць (hórascʹ)
        • Ukrainian: го́рiсть (hóristʹ)
      • Russian: го́ресть (górestʹ); го́ресь (góresʹ), го́рость (górostʹ) (dialectal)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: гор҄есть (gorʹestĭ), горѥсть (gorjestĭ)
      Glagolitic script: ⰳⱁⱃⰵⱄⱅⱐ (gorestĭ)
    • Bulgarian: го́рест (górest)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: го̏ре̄ст (obsolete)
      Latin script: gȍrēst (obsolete)
    • Slovene: gorȇst (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: horesť
    • Polish: gorzyść (dialectal)

Further reading
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gořestь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 41
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