< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/drevьnъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Formed from the adverb *drevľe (“ago”) + *-ьnъ, but beyond that - of disputed origin:
- Per Vasmer, Trubachev: from Proto-Indo-European *drewHís (“strong, robust”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *triwwiz (“true”) and akin to Lithuanian dravė́ti (“to gouge, to hollow”). Georgiev also relates it to Sanskrit द्रवति (dravati, “to run, to flee”), Ancient Greek δρᾰ́ω (dráō, “to take action”) from Proto-Indo-European *drewh₂-, however, Vasmer finds that comparison doubtful.
- Per Trubachev: possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrew-, an extension of Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold”). Akin to Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰruwás (“fixated, firm, stable”), Latin firmus (“firm”). Likely related to the sparsely attested Proto-Slavic *druti (“to withstand, to endure”).
Alternative forms
- *drevьňь
Declension
Indefinite declension of *drevьnъ (hard, accent paradigm c)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *drevьnъ | *drevьna | *drevьno |
| genitive | *drevьna | *drevьny | *drevьna |
| dative | *drevьnu | *drevьně | *drevьnu |
| accusative | *drevьnъ | *drevьnǫ | *drevьno |
| instrumental | *drevьnomь | *drevьnojǫ | *drevьnomь |
| locative | *drevьně | *drevьně | *drevьně |
| vocative | *drevьne | *drevьno | *drevьno |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *drevьna | *drevьně | *drevьně |
| genitive | *drevьnu | *drevьnu | *drevьnu |
| dative | *drevьnoma | *drevьnama | *drevьnoma |
| accusative | *drevьna | *drevьně | *drevьně |
| instrumental | *drevьnoma | *drevьnama | *drevьnoma |
| locative | *drevьnu | *drevьnu | *drevьnu |
| vocative | *drevьna | *drevьně | *drevьně |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *drevьni | *drevьny | *drevьna |
| genitive | *drevьnъ | *drevьnъ | *drevьnъ |
| dative | *drevьnomъ | *drevьnamъ | *drevьnomъ |
| accusative | *drevьny | *drevьny | *drevьna |
| instrumental | *drevьny | *drevьnami | *drevьny |
| locative | *drevьněxъ | *drevьnaxъ | *drevьněxъ |
| vocative | *drevьni | *drevьny | *drevьna |
Definite declension of *drevьnъ (hard, accent paradigm c)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *drevьnъjь | *drevьnaja | *drevьnoje |
| genitive | *drevьnajego | *drevьnyję̇ | *drevьnajego |
| dative | *drevьnujemu | *drevьněji | *drevьnujemu |
| accusative | *drevьnъjь | *drevьnǫjǫ | *drevьnoje |
| instrumental | *drevьnyjimь | *drevьnǫjǫ | *drevьnyjimь |
| locative | *drevьnějemь | *drevьněji | *drevьnějemь |
| vocative | *drevьnъjь | *drevьnaja | *drevьnoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *drevьnaja | *drevьněji | *drevьněji |
| genitive | *drevьnuju | *drevьnuju | *drevьnuju |
| dative | *drevьnyjima | *drevьnyjima | *drevьnyjima |
| accusative | *drevьnaja | *drevьněji | *drevьněji |
| instrumental | *drevьnyjima | *drevьnyjima | *drevьnyjima |
| locative | *drevьnuju | *drevьnuju | *drevьnuju |
| vocative | *drevьnaja | *drevьněji | *drevьněji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *drevьniji | *drevьnyję̇ | *drevьnaja |
| genitive | *drevьnъjixъ | *drevьnъjixъ | *drevьnъjixъ |
| dative | *drevьnyjimъ | *drevьnyjimъ | *drevьnyjimъ |
| accusative | *drevьnyję̇ | *drevьnyję̇ | *drevьnaja |
| instrumental | *drevьnyjimi | *drevьnyjimi | *drevьnyjimi |
| locative | *drevьnyjixъ | *drevьnyjixъ | *drevьnyjixъ |
| vocative | *drevьniji | *drevьnyję̇ | *drevьnaja |
Related terms
Derived terms
- *drevьnostь (“antiquity”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: dřevný
- Polish: drzewiej (archaic)
- Slovak: drevný
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дре́вний”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*drevьnъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 107
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “древен²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 423
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*drevьnь; *drevьnъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 239: “adj. jo; adj. o ‘ancient’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001) “drev(ьnjь)”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c gammeldags (PR 139)”
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