Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/byvolъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

*bujьvolъ

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *būvalus, from Latin būbalus, from Ancient Greek βούβαλος (boúbalos). Many of the descendents influenced by a reanalysis as *bujь (“wild”) +‎ *volъ (“ox”).

Noun

*byvolъ m

buffalo

Declension

Declension of *byvolъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*byvolъ	*byvola	*byvoli
genitive	*byvola	*byvolu	*byvolъ
dative	*byvolu	*byvoloma	*byvolomъ
accusative	*byvolъ	*byvola	*byvoly
instrumental	byvolъmь, byvolomь^*	*byvoloma	*byvoly
locative	*byvolě	*byvolu	*byvolěxъ
vocative	*byvole	*byvola	*byvoli

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: бꙑволъ (byvolŭ)
  - Belarusian: бу́йвал (bújval), ба́вал (bával), бу́йла (bújla)
  - Russian: бу́йвол (bújvol), (dialectal) бу́йла (bújla), бу́йло (bújlo)
  - Ukrainian: бу́йвіл (bújvil), бу́йвов (bújvov)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  - Church Slavonic (Russian recension): бꙑволъ (byvolŭ)
- Bulgarian: би́вол (bívol)
- Macedonian: бивол (bivol)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: би́вол, би́во̄ (gen: би́вола)
  
  Latin script: bívol, bívō (gen: bívola)
- Slovene: bȋvol
- → Hungarian: bivaly
- → Romanian: bivol
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: byvol
  - Czech: buvol
- Old Polish: bawół
  - Polish: bawół
- Slovak: byvol
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: buwoł
    - → Lower Sorbian: buwoł

References

Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*byvolъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 158
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бу́йвол”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

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