< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ňiva
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Cognate with Ancient Greek νειός (neiós, “field”).
Inflection
Declension of *ňìva (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *ňìva | *ňìvě | *ňìvy |
| genitive | *ňìvy | *ňìvu | *ňìvъ |
| dative | *ňìvě | *ňìvama | *ňìvamъ |
| accusative | *ňìvǫ | *ňìvě | *ňìvy |
| instrumental | *ňìvojǫ, *ňìvǭ** | *ňìvama | *ňìvamī |
| locative | *ňìvě | *ňìvu | *ňìvasъ, *ňìvaxъ* |
| vocative | *ňìvo | *ňìvě | *ňìvy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ни́ва”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ņìva”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 354
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