< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ľudьje

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljaudejes, nominative plural of *ljaudis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁léwdʰis.

Noun

*ľȗdьje m pl[1][2]

  1. people

Inflection
Declension of *ľȗdьjē, *ľȗďē (i-stem, accent paradigm c, plural only)
plural
nominative *ľȗdьjē, *ľȗďē*
genitive *ľudь̀jь
dative *ľȗdьmъ
accusative *ľȗdi
instrumental *ľudьmì
locative *ľȗdьxъ
vocative *ľȗdьjē, *ľȗďē*
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: людиѥ (ljudije), люди (ljudi)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: людиѥ (ljudije)
      Glagolitic: ⰾⱓⰴⰻⰵ (ljudie)
    • Bulgarian: лю́де (ljúde), лю́ди (ljúdi)
    • Macedonian: луѓе (luǵe)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: љу̑ди
      Latin script: ljȗdi
      • Chakavian (Vrgada, Orbanići): ļȗdi
    • Slovene: ljudjẹ̑ (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “люд”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1988), “*ľudъ/*ľudь/*ľuda/*ľudo/*ľudьje”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 15 (*lětina – *lokačь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 194
  • Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “люди”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ļȗdьje”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 282: “Npl. m. (c) ‘people’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “ljudьje”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c folk (PR 138)”
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