< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ętro

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *entrá, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁entrom.

Baltic cognates include Old Prussian instran (“fat”).

Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit आन्त्र n (āntrá, “intestine”), Ancient Greek ἔντερα n (éntera, “entrails”, pl.).

Noun

*ę̄trò n

  1. liver

Inflection
Declension of *ę̄trò (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *ę̄trò *ę̃trě *ę̄trà
genitive *ę̄trà *ę̄trù *ę̃trъ
dative *ę̄trù *ę̄tròma *ę̄tròmъ
accusative *ę̄trò *ę̃trě *ę̄trà
instrumental *ę̄trъ̀mь, *ę̄tròmь* *ę̄tròma *ę̃try
locative *ę̄trě̀ *ę̄trù *ę̃trěxъ
vocative *ę̄trò *ę̃trě *ę̄trà
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants
  • Church Slavonic: ꙗтро (jatro) (Russian)
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: ꙗтро (jatro, “liver, (pl.) entrails”)
      • Russian: я́тро (játro), ятро́ (jatró, “entrails, eggs”), pl. я́тра (játra)
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: ятро́ (jatró)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: је̏тра (pl.); је̑тра (pl.) (Dubrovnik)
      Latin: jȅtra (pl.); jȇtra (pl.) (Dubrovnik)
      • Chakavian (Orbanići): jⁱẽtra (pl.)
    • Slovene: jẹ́tra (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: játry (pl.)
    • Polabian: jǫtră (pl.)
    • Old Polish: jętry (pl.)
    • Slovak: jatrá
    • Slovincian: jitrza
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: jatra, jětro
      • Lower Sorbian: jětša, jětšo

References
  • Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ę̄trò”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 158
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ятра”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*ętro”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 72
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