< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/(j)ęčьmy
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Early Proto-Slavic *ińčímūn.[1] Unknown. Sometimes linked to Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“to bend”) (see *ǫkotь (“hook”)),[2] but the semantics are dubious. Alternatively, to Ancient Greek ἀκοστή (akostḗ, “barley”), Latin acus (“bran; awn”), Old English ēar (“ear of grain”), Gothic 𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌰 (ahana, “awn; chaff”), Tocharian B āk (“ear, awn”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed; awn”),[3] though Beekes rejects the Greek connection.[4] This suffers phonetic problems, namely that *č is unexpected and the nasal vowel would be unexplained. A third possibility is substrate origin, like many other agricultural terms in Indo-European.
Inflection
Declension of *(j)ęčьmy (n-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *(j)ęčьmy | *(j)ęčьmeni | *(j)ęčьmene |
| genitive | *(j)ęčьmene | *(j)ęčьmenu | *(j)ęčьmenъ |
| dative | *(j)ęčьmeni | *(j)ęčьmenьma | *(j)ęčьmenьmъ |
| accusative | *(j)ęčьmenь | *(j)ęčьmeni | *(j)ęčьmeni |
| instrumental | *(j)ęčьmenьmь | *(j)ęčьmenьma | *(j)ęčьmenьmi |
| locative | *(j)ęčьmene | *(j)ęčьmenu | *(j)ęčьmenьxъ |
| vocative | *(j)ęčьmy | *(j)ęčьmeni | *(j)ęčьmene |
Descendants
References
- Klotz, Emanuel (2017) Urslawisches Wörterbuch [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in German), 1st edition, Wien: Facultas, →ISBN, page 117
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ęčьmy”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, pages 156–157: “m. n ‘barley’”
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ячме́нь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀκοστή”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 55
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