Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ṯūm-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Alternative forms

*ṯawm-, *ṯuwm-[1]

Noun

*ṯūm- m[2]

garlic

Inflection

Declension of *ṯūm-

Case

Singular

Dual

Plural

Nominative

*ṯūmum

*ṯūmāna

plural stem + *-ūna

Genitive

*ṯūmim

*ṯūmayna

plural stem + *-īna

Accusative

*ṯūmam

possessive forms

1st person

*ṯūmī / *ṯūmVya

—

*ṯūmVni

2nd person m

*ṯūmVka

*ṯūmVkumā / *ṯūmVkumay

*ṯūmVkum(ū)

2nd person f

*ṯūmVki

*ṯūmVkin(ā)

3rd person m

*ṯūmVšu

*ṯūmVšumā / *ṯūmVšumay

*ṯūmVšum(ū)

3rd person f

*ṯūmVša

*ṯūmVšin(ā)

Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.

Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ṯūmuya for nom. case, *ṯūmiya for gen. case, *ṯūmaya for acc. case, etc.

Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *ṯūm-

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*ṯūmuka	*ṯūmāka	plural stem + *-ūka
Genitive	*ṯūmika	*ṯūmayka	plural stem + *-īka
Accusative	*ṯūmaka	*ṯūmayka	plural stem + *-īka

Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *ṯūm-

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*ṯūmuki	*ṯūmāki	plural stem + *-ūki
Genitive	*ṯūmiki	*ṯūmayki	plural stem + *-īki
Accusative	*ṯūmaki	*ṯūmayki	plural stem + *-īki

Descendants

East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒋧 (šūmū)
West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
  - Arabic: ثُوم (ṯūm), فُوم (fūm)
    - Andalusian Arabic: ثَوْم (ṯawm)
    - Egyptian Arabic: توم (tōm)
    - Hijazi Arabic: ثوم (tūm)
    - Maltese: tewm
    - Moroccan Arabic: توم (tawm, tūm)
    - Sudanese Arabic: توم (tōm)
    - Yemeni Arabic: ثَوْم (ṯawm)
    - → Swahili: saumu
  - Aramaic:
    - Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: תּוּמָא (tūmā)
    - Classical Syriac: ܬܘܽܡܳܐ (tūmā)
  - Canaanite:
    - Hebrew: שׁוּם (shum, šûm)
- Ethiopian Semitic:
  - Ge'ez: ሱም (sum)
- Modern South Arabian:
  - Mehri: ṯəmēt
  - Shehri: ṯuhm

References

van Putten, Marijn (2017) “The illusory Yemenite connection of Andalusi Arabic”, in Zeitschrift für Arabische Linguistik‎, volume 66, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →DOI, page 10
Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 203

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] van Putten, Marijn (2017) “The illusory Yemenite connection of Andalusi Arabic”, in Zeitschrift für Arabische Linguistik‎, volume 66, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →DOI, page 10

[2] Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 203