< Reconstruction:Proto-Italic

Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/pōtos

This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Italic

Reconstruction

The expected outcome of inherited *ph₃tós would be *patos (with *CHC > *CəC > *CaC; compare *katos from PIE *ḱh₃tós); therefore *pōtos must either be independently derived from the root or result from the spread of *pō- throughout the paradigm (being reanalyzed as the root).[Note 1]

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ph₃tós (“(having been) drunk; having drunk”), derived from the root *peh₃- (“to drink”).
Cognate with Proto-Hellenic *potós and Sanskrit पीत (pitá).

Adjective

*pōtos[1]

  1. drunk

Declension
Declension of *pōtos (o/ā-stem)
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *pōtos *pōtā *pōtom
Vocative *pōte *pōta *pōtom
Accusative *pōtom *pōtam *pōtom
Genitive *pōtosjo, pōtī *pōtās *pōtosjo, pōtī
Dative *pōtōi *pōtāi *pōtōi
Ablative *pōtōd *pōtād *pōtōd
Locative *pōtei *pōtāi *pōtei
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *pōtōs, pōtoi *pōtās *pōtā
Vocative *pōtōs, pōtoi *pōtās *pōtā
Accusative *pōtons *pōtans *pōtā
Genitive *pōtom *pōtāzōm *pōtom
Dative *pōtois *pōtais *pōtois
Ablative *pōtois *pōtais *pōtois
Locative *pōtois *pōtais *pōtois
  • *pibō
  • *pōtlom (“drinking cup”)

Descendants
  • Latin: pōtus
    • → Italian: poto
    • ⇒ Latin: pōtō (see there for further descendants)

Notes
  1. De Vaan explains: “The full grade of [Latin] pōtus ‘drunk’ must have been introduced from the root aorist. Pōtus and pō-culum have caused the spread of pō- in the other derivatives.”

References
  1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pōtus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 485: “PIt. *pōto- ‘drunk’”
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