< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/wicápuθrah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From *wícš (“household”) +‎ *puθráh (“son”).

Noun

*wicápuθrah[1]

  1. prince

Inflection
masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *wicápuθrah *wicápuθrā *wicápuθrā
vocative *wicápuθra *wicápuθrā *wicápuθrā
accusative *wicápuθram *wicápuθrā *wicápuθrānh
instrumental *wicápuθrā *wicápuθraybyaH *wicápuθrāyš
ablative *wicápuθrāt *wicápuθraybyaH *wicápuθraybyah
dative *wicápuθrāy *wicápuθraybyaH *wicápuθraybyah
genitive *wicápuθrahya *wicápuθrayāh *wicápuθrānam
locative *wicápuθray *wicápuθrayaw *wicápuθrayšu

Descendants
  • Central Iranian:
    • Avestan: 𐬬𐬍𐬯𐬋𐬞𐬎𐬚𐬭𐬀 (vīsōpuθra)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Khotanese: [script needed] (basīvaraa, gen.sg.)
    • → Tocharian B: *gusápuhra[2]
      • Sanskrit: गौशुर (gauśura) (Kučā)
        • → Burushaski: [script needed] (guśpúr)[3]
        • Gandhari: [script needed] (guśurakehi)
        • Kroränian: [Term?] (guśura)
        • Shina: [script needed] (gušpūr)
        • → Tibetan: [script needed] (gau-śa-ra)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Northern Kurdish: bispor, pispor, pisporr (“specialist”)
    • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
      • Old Median: *wisapuθrah[4][5]
        • → Demotic: wyspwṱr[5]
        • → Classical Syriac: ܘܣܦܪܐ (wsprʾ, “nobles”)[6]
      • Parthian: 𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛𐫇𐫍𐫡 (wyspwhr /⁠wispuhr⁠/)
        • → Middle Persian:
          Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wʾspwhl /⁠wāspuhr⁠/)[7] (vr̥ddhi derivation)
          Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫛𐫇𐫍𐫡 (wyspwhr /⁠wispuhr⁠/)
          • → Old Armenian: վասպուրական (vaspurakan), Վասպուրական (Vaspurakan)
      • → Old Armenian: սեպուհ (sepuh)
        • → Old Georgian: სეფე (sepe)
      • → Elamite: 𒈪𒅖𒃻𒁍𒅖𒊏 (mi-iš-šá-pu-iš-ra), 𒈪𒅖𒃻𒁍𒌓𒊏 (mi-iš-šá-pu-ut-ra)[5][4] [506 — 497 BCE, Persepolis Fortification]
      • → Old Georgian: საზეპურო (sazeṗuro)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Old Persian: *viθapuçah[4]
      • → Elamite: 𒈪𒊓𒁍𒅖𒃻 (mi-sa-pu-iš-šá), 𒈪𒊓𒁍𒃻𒅖𒁁 (mi-sa-pu-šá-iš-be, pl.)[5] [506 — 497 BCE, Persepolis Fortification]
      • → Sogdian: (/⁠wispišē⁠/)
        Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫢𐫛𐫢𐫏 (wyšpšy)
        Sogdian script: [script needed] (wyspyδrʾk)

References
  1. Nyberg, H. S. (1974) “vāspuhr”, in A Manual of Pahlavi, Part II: Glossary, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 205
  2. Tremblay, Xavier (2005) “Irano-Tocharica et Tocharo-Iranica”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies‎, volume 68, number 3, page 430
  3. Hermann Berger (1990) “BURUSHASKI”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York
  4. Hinz, Walther (1975) “*visapuθra-”, in Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen (Göttinger Orientforschungen, Reihe III, Iranica; 3)‎ (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz
  5. Tavernier, Jan (2007) Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 436
  6. Claudia A. Ciancaglini, Iranian Loanwords in Syriac (Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, 2008) ܘܣܦܪܐ [from sedra.bethmardutho.org, accessed on Mar. 06, 2018].
  7. Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “վասպուրական”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 310b
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