< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/huHarnā́h

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Alternative reconstructions

Etymology

Presumably an s-stem variant of *húHar ~ *huHā́h (“the sun”), compare cognate Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHarwāns (“sunny; glory, fortune”).[3] Alternatively from Proto-Indo-Iranian *párHr̥ ~ *pr̥Háns with unexplained fricatization, from Proto-Indo-European *pólh₁l̥ ~ *pl̥h₁éns, from *pleh₁- (“to fill”).[2]

Noun

*huHarnā́h n[4][3]

  1. glory
  2. fortune

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Eastern Iranian:
    • Younger Avestan: 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀𐬵 n (xᵛarənah), 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬋 (xᵛarənō, nom.-acc.sg.), 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀 (xᵛarənaŋha, intr.sg.), 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬋 (xᵛarənaŋhō, gen.sg.), 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬈 (xᵛarənaŋhe, dat.sg.), 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬃 (xᵛarənā̊, nom.-acc.pl.)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Old Median: *farnāh
      • → Old Persian: *farnāh
        • Middle Persian: 𐫛𐫡𐫍 (prh /⁠farrah⁠/) (< gen.sg. *farnahaʰ)
          • Classical Persian: فره (farrah)
            Dari: فر (farr)
            Iranian Persian: فر (far(r))
            Tajik: фарр (farr)
          • → Arabic: فَخْر (faḵr)
          • → Old Armenian: փառք (pʻaṙkʻ)
          • → Bactrian: φαρο (faro), φαρρο (farro)
          • → Parthian: 𐫛𐫡𐫍 (prh /⁠farrah⁠/)[5]
      • → Proto-Scythian: *fārnā
        • Khotanese: [script needed] (phārra)
        • Proto-Ossetic: *fārna
          • Old Ossetic: *farnæ
            • Ossetian:
              Digor Ossetian: фарнӕ (farnæ)
              Iron Ossetian: фарн (farn)
      • → Sogdian: (/⁠farn⁠/)
        Manichaean script: 𐫜𐫡𐫗 (frn)
        Old Sogdian script: 𐼔𐼘𐼏 (prn)
        Syriac script: [Syriac needed] (fn)
    • Parthian: (/⁠farnah ~ farrah⁠/)
      Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭂𐭃𐭄 (GDE)
      Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫡𐫍 (prh)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Middle Persian: (/⁠xwarrah⁠/) (or borrowed from Avestan[6])
      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (GDE)
      Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭢𐭣𐭤 (GDE)
      Pazend script: 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬭𐬀 (xᵛarra)
      • Classical Persian: خوره (xwarrah), خره (xurrah)
        Dari: خوره (xurrah)
        Iranian Persian: خوره (xorra(h) ~ xorre(h))
        Tajik: хурраҳ (xurrah)

References
  1. Schmitt, Rüdiger, editor (1989), Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum‎, Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 213: “*farna-”
  2. Lubotsky, Alexander (2002) “Scythian elements in Old Iranian”, in Sims-Williams, Nicholas, editor, Indo-Iranian Languages and Peoples‎, Oxford University Press, →DOI
  3. Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*huarnah- > *xvarnah-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 440-441
  4. Schmitt, Rüdiger, editor (1989), Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum‎, Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 89: “iran. *hvarnah-”
  5. Korn, Agnes (2010) “Parthian ž”, in Bulletin of SOAS, volume 73, number 3, Cambridge University Press, →JSTOR, page 422
  6. Rezai Baghbidi, Hassan (2017) Middle Persian Historical Phonology, Osaka: Osaka University, page 77: “Med. *farnah-ah (gen. < *farnah- > OP °farnah-) > MP farrah ‘fortune, glory, splendour’ (cf. ZMP xwarrah < YAv. xvarənah-).)”
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