Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/pratʰamás

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From an earlier *pratamás, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-tm̥mós, from *pro- (“toward, forward”) + *-tm̥mós (absolute superlative suffix) and influenced by the /tʰ/ in *-ištʰas. Cognate with Latin primus, Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos).

Numeral

*pratʰamás

**Proto-Indo-Iranian ordinal numbers**
< 0	1	2 >
Cardinal : Háykas Ordinal* : *pratʰamás

first

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pratʰamás
- Sanskrit: प्रथम (prathamá) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Iranian: *fratamáh
- Central Iranian:
  - Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀 (fratəma)
- Northeastern Iranian:
  - Sogdian: [script needed] (prtmw)
- Western Iranian:
  - Southwestern Iranian:
    - Old Persian: 𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎶𐎠 (fratama)
      - Middle Persian: (/⁠fradom⁠/)
        Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫡𐫤𐫇𐫖 (prtwm)
        
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (pltwm)
        
        Persian: فردم (fardom)
- → Old Armenian: փարթամ (pʻartʻam)
  - Armenian: փարթամ (pʻartʻam)

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