Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/pr̥Hwás

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s, from *preh₂- (“before, in front of”).

Preposition

*pr̥Hwás

before, first, in front of

Derived terms

*pr̥Hwyás (< *pr̥h₂-w-yó-s or from *pr̥Húš)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pr̥Hwyás
  - Sanskrit: पूर्व्य (pūrvyá)
- Proto-Iranian: *pr̥Hwyáh
  - Old Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬊𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬌𐬋 (pao^uruuiiō)

Adjective

*pr̥Hwás

ancient, old

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pr̥Hwás
- Sanskrit: पूर्व (pū́rva)
  - Dardic:
    - Kashmiri: پوٗر (pūr, “east”)
    - Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)
    - Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)
    - Southeast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)
    - Southwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)
  - Helu Prakrit:
    - Sinhalese: පුව (puwa)
  - Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)
    - Bengali: পুব (pbo)
    - Bihari: पुर्वे (purve, “second ploughing”)
      - Maithili: पूब (pūb, “east”), पूबा (pūbā, “easterner”)
  - Pali: pubba (in compounds)
    - → Burmese: ပုဗ္ဗ (pubba.)
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)
    - Old Hindi: पुब (puba, “former”)
Proto-Iranian: *pr̥Hwáh
- Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (pa^uruua)
Proto-Nuristani: *puwwá (“last year”)
- Northern Nuristani:
  - Kamkata-viri:
    Kamviri: pū́
    
    Kativiri: púve
- Southern Nuristani:
  - Ashkun: páu
  - Waigali: pöv

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