< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weys-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*weys-[1][2][3]

  1. to raise, increase
  2. to produce, procreate

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weys-‎ (6 c, 0 e)
  • *wéys-ti (athematic root present)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wéištei
      • Latvian: viest (“to rear, raise, increase”)
      • Lithuanian: veĩsti (“to breed, rear”)
  • *wéys-dʰh₁e-ti (dʰh₁e-present)[4]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáyždʰHati
      • Proto-Iranian: *wáyždHati[4]
        • Avestan: 𐬬𐬋𐬌𐬲𐬛𐬀𐬝 (vōiždat̰, “to raise”)
    • ⇒ *wéysdʰ-ti ~ *wisdʰ-én-ti (athematic root present)
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáyždᶻdʰi
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáyḍḍʰi
          • Sanskrit: विड्ढि (viḍḍhí, “to labour, produce”, 2sg.imp.)
  • *wis-né-s-ti ~ *wis-n̥-s-én-ti (nasal-infix)[2]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Lithuanian: vìsti (“to multiply, breed”)
  • *wis-éh₁-ye-ti (stative)
    • Proto-Italic: *wizēō
      • Latin: vireō (see there for further descendants)
  • *wí-weys-ti (i-reduplicated athematic root present)[3]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wíwayšti
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wíwayṣṭi
        • Sanskrit: विवेष्टि (víveṣṭi, “to labour, produce”)
  • *woys-ó-s (“fruit, sprout”)
    • Proto-Albanian: *waiša
      • Albanian: vesh m (“grape, wine grape”)
  • *wóys-eh₂ (“fruit, sprout”)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *waišāˀ
      • Lithuanian: vaĩsius (“fruit”)
      • Old Prussian: wēisin (“fruit”, acc.sg.)
      • Proto-Slavic: *věxà (“straw bundle”)[5]
    • Proto-Germanic: *waisō (“sprout, stem”)[5]

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1. u̯eis-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1133
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “1.*u̯ei̯s-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 671-672
  3. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “3.*u̯ei̯s-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 672
  4. Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*u̯aižd”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 416
  5. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*waisō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 441
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