< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ksnew-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Reanalysed root of *ksnéwti, from *kes- (“to scrape, comb”) +‎ *-néwti (*néw-present suffix).

Root

*ksnew- (imperfective)[1][2][3][4]

  1. to scrape, sharpen

Derived terms
Category Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ksnew- not found
  • *ksnow-éye-ti (*éye-causative)[5][2]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnawáyati
      • Proto-Iranian: *xšnawáyatī
        • Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (xšāuuaiieiti, “to satisfy”)
  • *ksnḗw-s-t ~ *ksnéw-s-n̥t (*s-aorist)[2]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnā́wšt
      • Proto-Iranian: *xšnā́wšt
        • Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬏𐬱 (xšāūš, “to listen”)
  • *ksnew-éh₂-ti[3]
    • *ksnew-éh₂-tleh₂[4]
      • Proto-Italic: *(ks)nowātlā[3]
  • *ksnéw-tro-m[3]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnáwtram
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣṇáwtram
        • Sanskrit: क्ष्णोत्र (kṣṇótra, “whetstone”)
  • *ksnow-ó-s (“scraping”)[4]
    • Proto-Germanic: *snaw-waz (“bald”)[4]
  • *ksnéw-tu-s ~ *ksnu-téw-s[4]
    • Proto-Germanic: *snauþuz (“naked, poor”)[4] (see there for further descendants)
  • *ksnu-tó-s[3][4]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnutás
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣṇutás
        • Sanskrit: क्ष्णुत (kṣṇutá, “sharpened”)
      • Proto-Iranian: *xšnutáh
        • Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬥𐬎𐬙𐬀 (xšnuta)
        • Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐎵𐎢𐎫 (x-š-nu-u-t /⁠xšnuta⁠/)

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “ks-n-eu-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 585
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*ksneu̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 373
  3. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “novācula”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 414-415
  4. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*snawwa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 461
  5. Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*xšnau¹, *xšnau²”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 456-457, 457-458
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