< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂wes-

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ews- and Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wes-
 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₂wes-[1][2][3][4][5][6]

  1. to dwell, live, reside
  2. to stay, spend the night

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂wes-‎ (23 c, 0 e)
  • *h₂wés-e-ti (thematic root present)
  • *h₂wés-ti ~ *h₂us-énti (athematic root present)
    • Hittite: 𒄷𒅖𒍣 (ḫuišzi, “to live”)[7]
  • *h₂(w)e-h₂wós-e ~ *h₂(w)e-h₂us-ḗr (stative)
    • Proto-Germanic: *was (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HuHwā́sa
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HuHwā́sa
        • Sanskrit: उवास (uvā́sa)
      • Proto-Nuristani: *wā́sati
        • Northern Nuristani:
          • Kamkata-viri:
            Kamviri: vós-
            Kativiri: vós-
  • *h₂í-h₂ews-e-ti (post-PIE reduplicated present with schwebeablaut)
    • Proto-Hellenic: *iauhō
  • *h₂wós-e-ti
    • Proto-Celtic: *woseti (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Tocharian:
      • Tocharian B: wäs- (“to stay, to wait”)
  • *h₂wés-ti-s ~ *h₂us-téy-s
    • Proto-Germanic: *wistiz (“essence, nature”)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  • (perhaps) *h₂wós-tu
Unsorted formations
  • Albanian:
    • Proto-Albanian: *a)uaϑā
  • Proto-Anatolian:
    • Hittite: 𒄷𒍑 (ḫu-uš)
    • Luwian:
      Anatolian Hieroglyphs script: [Anatolian Hieroglyphs needed] (hwisar, “game, wild beasts”)
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: ագանիմ (aganim, “to spend the night”), գոյ (goy, “being, existence; God”), գոմ (gom, “to exist”)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἄεσα (áesa, “to pass the night”)[8]
  • Proto-Italic: *Westā
  • Indo-Iranian
    • Sanskrit: वस्तु (vastu, “essence, substance, truth”) (relationship to *weh₁ unclear)

References
  1. Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 293
  3. Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 531
  4. Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 202
  5. Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1171
  6. Watkins, Calvert (1985) “wes-”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
  7. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 353-354
  8. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἄεσα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 25
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