< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gleyH-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*gleyH-[1]

  1. to smear, putty
  2. to stick, glue

Alternative reconstructions

Derived terms
Category Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gleyH- not found
  • *gléyH-ti (athematic root present)[2]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gléiˀtei
      • Lithuanian: gliejù, gliēti (“to smear, putty”)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gráHiti
      • Proto-Iranian: *gráHitī
        • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (γrcy-, “to roll; to smear with clay”)
  • *gli-né-H-ti ~ *gli-n-H-énti (nasal infix present)[3][1][5][6]
    • Proto-Celtic: *glinati (“to glue”)
    • Proto-Germanic: *klinaną (“to smear, stick”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *gléyH-neh₂[5][7][8]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gléiˀnāˀ (“clay”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *gléyH-n̥ ~ *gliH-én-s[5]
  • *gleyH-wéh₂[9][10][11]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gléiˀwāˀ (“slime, fungus”)
      • Latvian: glīve
      • Lithuanian: gleīvės
      • Proto-Slavic: *glìva (“fungus”) (see there for further descendants)
      • → Proto-Finnic: *liiva (“slime”)
    • Proto-Germanic: *klīwō[9]
      • Old High German: klīwa, klīa, klīga
        • Middle High German: klīwe, klīe
          • German: Kleie (“bran”)
  • *gléyH-o-s
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gráHyas
      • Proto-Iranian: *gráHyah[12]
        • Shughni: [script needed] (jiray, “pottery clay”)
        • Yidgha: [script needed] (γuroi, “clay, earth, mud”)
  • *gl̥Hí-h₂
    • Proto-Hellenic:
      • Ancient Greek: γλία (glía, “glue”)
  • *gl̥Hy-ó-s[13]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Proto-Slavic: *glьjь (“clay, loam”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *gl̥Hi-t-tó-s[14]
    • Proto-Italic: *glittos
      • Latin: glittus (“sticky, cohesive”)
  • *gl̥Hi-t-us
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *glitus
      • Latvian: glits, glîts (“slippery”)
      • Lithuanian: glitùs (“sticky”), (dialectal) glytùs
  • *gliH-yó-s
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *griHyás
      • Proto-Iranian: *griHyáh[15][12]
        • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (γг’h, “clay, dirt”)
        • Khotanese: [script needed] (grīha-)
        • Sogdian: [script needed] (γг’у, “mud, clay, pottery”)
  • *glóyH-mo-s[14]
    • Proto-Germanic: *klaimaz (“clay, mortar”) (see there for further descendants)
      • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *klaimijaną (“to smear with clay, mortar”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *gloyH-ni-s[16]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gláiˀnis
      • Proto-Slavic: *glěnь (“clay, loam”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *glóyH-t-n̥ ~ *gl̥iH-t-én-s (“slime, glue”)[14]
    • Proto-Italic: *gloiten (“clay, mortar”)[14]
      • Latin: glūten (see there for further descendants)
  • *glóyH-to-m
    • Proto-Germanic: *klaiþą (see there for further descendants)
  • *gloyH-wó-s (“sticky; sticky substance”)[4][17][5][18]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gláiˀwa
      • Proto-Slavic: *glěvъ (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Hellenic:
      • Ancient Greek: γλοιός (gloiós) (< earlier *γλοιϝός (*gloiwós) or *γλοιι̯ός (*gloii̯ós) (for which see below))[3][5]
  • *gloyH-y-ó-s[9]
    • Proto-Germanic: *klajjaz (“clay”)[3][9] (or from *gloh₁i-wó-s above) (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-West Germanic: *klaij (“clay”)
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Proto-Albanian: *gleitja (< *gley-t-y-)
      • ⇒ Proto-Albanian: *en-gleitja[19]
        • Albanian: ngjis (“to stick to, glue”)
    • Proto-Albanian: *glitja
      • ⇒ Proto-Albanian: *en-glitja
    • Proto-Anatolian:
      • Lydian: 𐤨𐤷𐤦𐤣𐤠 (kλida, “earth”) (probably)
    • >? Proto-Armenian:

See also

References
  1. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*glei̯H-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 190
  2. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*glieti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 183: “*gleh₁i-”
  3. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “glei”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 362–364
  4. Fick, August (1890–1909) “glei-”, in Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), 4th edition, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
  5. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 276-277: “*γλοιϝός”
  6. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*gli-na-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 160
  7. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*glìna”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 164
  8. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gléˀināˀ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 164
  9. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*klajja-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 291-292: “*gloi-(i)o-”
  10. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*glìva”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 182
  11. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gléˀināˀ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 164
  12. Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*1grai- : gri-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 283-284
  13. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*glьjь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 168
  14. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “glūten”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 266-267: “*gloiten-”
  15. Gharib, B. (1995) “ɣг’у”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 167: “*griya”
  16. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*glĕnь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 163
  17. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 122: “*gloiwos ‘clay’”
  18. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*glěvъ; *glěvь; *glěva”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 163
  19. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “ngjis”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN
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