< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰerh₃-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*dʰerh₃-[1]

  1. to leap, spring

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰerh₃-‎ (8 c, 0 e)
  • *dʰérh₃-ti ~ *dʰr̥h₃-énti (athematic root present)[1][2]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *durˀtei (“to stab, prick”)[3]
      • Lithuanian: dùrti
      • Latvian: dur̃t
    • Proto-Hellenic:
      • Ancient Greek: ἔθορον (éthoron, “to leap”)
  • *dʰorh₃-éye-ti (éye-causative)[2]
    • Proto-Germanic: *darjaną[2]
      • Proto-West Germanic: *darjan (“to hurt”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *dʰr̥h₃-sḱ-éti (sḱe-present)[1]
    • Proto-Hellenic:
      • Ancient Greek: θρῴσκω (thrṓiskō, “to spring, leap”)
  • *dʰr̥h₃-yé-ti (zero-grade ye-present)[1][4]
    • Proto-Celtic: *daryeti (“to bull, force oneself, leap upon”)[4]
  • *dʰórh₃-eh₂[2]
    • Proto-Germanic: *darō (“injury”)[2] (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰā́raH (“edge, blade; gush”)
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dʰā́raH
      • Proto-Iranian: *dā́raH
        • Avestan: 𐬛𐬁𐬭𐬁 (dārā)
        • → Old Armenian: դար (dar)

References
  1. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*dʰerh₃-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 146
  2. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*darjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 89: “*dʰorh₃-éie-”
  3. Derksen, Rick (2015) “*durti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 147
  4. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*dar(y)o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 91
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