< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wrībaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Unknown; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *wreyp- / *wrīp-, from a labial extension of Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to turn”), whence Ancient Greek ῥίπτω (rhíptō, “to throw, cast”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwri.βɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *wrībaną (strong class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *wrībō | *wrībaų | — | *wrībai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *wrībizi | *wrībaiz | *wrīb | *wrībazai | *wrībaizau |
| 3rd singular | *wrībidi | *wrībai | *wrībadau | *wrībadai | *wrībaidau |
| 1st dual | *wrībōz | *wrībaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *wrībadiz | *wrībaidiz | *wrībadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *wrībamaz | *wrībaim | — | *wrībandai | *wrībaindau |
| 2nd plural | *wrībid | *wrībaid | *wrībid | *wrībandai | *wrībaindau |
| 3rd plural | *wrībandi | *wrībain | *wrībandau | *wrībandai | *wrībaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *wraib | *wribį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *wraift | *wribīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *wraib | *wribī | |||
| 1st dual | *wribū | *wribīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *wribudiz | *wribīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *wribum | *wribīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *wribud | *wribīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *wribun | *wribīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *wrībandz | *wribanaz | |||
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *wrīban
- Old Frisian: *wrīva
- Saterland Frisian: wrieuwe
- West Frisian: wriuwe
- Old Saxon: wrīvan
- Middle Low German: wrîven, rîven
- Dutch Low Saxon:
- Twents: frieuwen
- German Low German:
- Altmärkisch: riwen
- East Frisian: rieven
- Mecklenburgisch, Pommerellisch, Northern Low Saxon (Bremisch): wriwen
- Schleswig-Holsteinisch: wriewen
- Westphalian:
- Bentheimisch, Dortmundisch, East Westphalian (Lippe), Westmünsterländisch: riewen
- Bentheimisch, Dortmundisch, Westmünsterländisch: friewen
- Sauerländisch: reywen, reyben (Brilon, Wenden), rǖben (Niedersfeld), rīen (Finnentrop, Attendorn, Kirchhundem, Olpe), ruiwen (Meschede)
- East Westphalian: rüiwen (Lippe), wruiben (Ravensberg), rieben (Wedemark)
- Westmünsterländisch: frieben
- Dutch Low Saxon:
- Middle Low German: wrîven, rîven
- Old Dutch: *wrīvan
- Old High German: rīban, *rīvan, *wrīvan
- → Old French: riper
- Old Frisian: *wrīva
References
- “reiben” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
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