Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tangō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *denḱ- (“to bite”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈtɑŋ.ɡɔː/

Noun

*tangō f

tongs
pliers

Declension

ō-stemDeclension of *tangō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*tangō	*tangôz
vocative	*tangō	*tangôz
accusative	*tangǭ	*tangōz
genitive	*tangōz	*tangǫ̂
dative	*tangōi	*tangōmaz
instrumental	*tangō	*tangōmiz

Derived terms

*tangijaną
*tangǭ

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *tangu
- Old English: tang, tange
  - Middle English: tonge, tang, tange, tongge, toonge, tounge
    - English: tong (tongs); tang
    - Scots: tang, taing
- Old Frisian: tange, tonge
  - Saterland Frisian: Tonge
  - West Frisian: tange
- Old Saxon: tanga
  - Middle Low German: tange
    - Low German: Tang
    - Plautdietsch: Tang
- Old Dutch: *tanga
  - Middle Dutch: tanghe
    - Dutch: tang
      - Afrikaans: tang
    - Limburgish: tang
- Old High German: zanga
  - Middle High German: zange
    - Bavarian: Zanga
    - Central Franconian: Zang, Zaang
      Hunsrik: Zang
    - German: Zange
    - Luxembourgish: Zaang
    - Rhine Franconian: Zang
      Palatine German: Zang
      Pennsylvania German: Zang
    - Vilamovian: cang
    - ⇒ Middle High German: hebzange
      - → Old Polish: hebcągi
        Polish: obcęgi
Old Norse: tǫng
- Icelandic: töng f
- Faroese: tong f
- Norwegian Nynorsk: tong f; (dialectal) tøng f
- Elfdalian: taungg
- Swedish: tång c
  - → Finnish: tongit
- Gutnish: tangg
- Danish: tang c
  - Norwegian Bokmål: tang m or f

References

Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*tanʒō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 401
Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*tangō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 509

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