< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/springaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *sprenǵʰ-, nasalised form of Proto-Indo-European *sperǵʰ- (“to move energetically, hurry, spring”). Compare Albanian shpërthej (“to pop open, puncture, lance, make explode, blow up”), Lithuanian spreñgti (“to push (in)”), Ancient Greek σπέρχω (spérkhō, “to set in rapid motion, haste, hurry”), Sanskrit स्पृहयति (spṛháyati, “to be eager”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈspriŋ.ɡɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *springaną (strong class 3)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *springō | *springaų | — | *springai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *springizi | *springaiz | *spring | *springazai | *springaizau |
| 3rd singular | *springidi | *springai | *springadau | *springadai | *springaidau |
| 1st dual | *springōz | *springaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *springadiz | *springaidiz | *springadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *springamaz | *springaim | — | *springandai | *springaindau |
| 2nd plural | *springid | *springaid | *springid | *springandai | *springaindau |
| 3rd plural | *springandi | *springain | *springandau | *springandai | *springaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *sprang | *sprungį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *spranht | *sprungīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *sprang | *sprungī | |||
| 1st dual | *sprungū | *sprungīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *sprungudiz | *sprungīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *sprungum | *sprungīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *sprungud | *sprungīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *sprungun | *sprungīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *springandz | *sprunganaz | |||
Derived terms
- *sprangaz
- *sprangijaną
- *sprangōną
- *sprungiz
Descendants
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*spring/kan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 470
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*sprenʒanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 366
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