< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rudjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *rudą (“a clearing”) +‎ *-janą, from Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH- (“to dig out”), see also Latin ruo (“I dig out”), Proto-Slavic *rъvati (“to tear”).[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈruð.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*rudjaną[2]

  1. to clear
  2. to strip

Inflection
Conjugation of *rudjaną (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *rudjō*rudjaų—*rudjai ?
2nd singular *rudisi*rudjais*rudi*rudjasai*rudjaisau
3rd singular *rudiþi*rudjai*rudjaþau*rudjaþai*rudjaiþau
1st dual *rudjōs*rudjaiw———
2nd dual *rudjaþiz*rudjaiþiz*rudjaþiz——
1st plural *rudjamaz*rudjaim—*rudjanþai*rudjainþau
2nd plural *rudiþ*rudjaiþ*rudiþ*rudjanþai*rudjainþau
3rd plural *rudjanþi*rudjain*rudjanþau*rudjanþai*rudjainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *rudidǭ*rudidēdį̄
2nd singular *rudidēz*rudidēdīz
3rd singular *rudidē*rudidēdī
1st dual *rudidēdū*rudidēdīw
2nd dual *rudidēdudiz*rudidēdīdiz
1st plural *rudidēdum*rudidēdīm
2nd plural *rudidēdud*rudidēdīd
3rd plural *rudidēdun*rudidēdīn
present past
participles *rudjandz*rudidaz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *ruddjan
    • ⇒ Old English: aryddan
    • ⇒ Old English: ġeryddan
  • Old Norse: ryðja, hryðja
    • Faroese: ryðja
    • Icelandic: ryðja
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: rydja, rø; (dialectal) rya, rua, rudjø, rødja, rødda, røa, ræa
    • Old Swedish: ryþia, rydhia, rödhia
    • Old Danish: ryddæ

References
  1. van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “rode”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
  2. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*ruđjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 307
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