< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/niwjaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈniu̯.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *niwjaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *niwjō | *niwjaų | — | *niwjai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *niwisi | *niwjais | *niwi | *niwjasai | *niwjaisau |
| 3rd singular | *niwiþi | *niwjai | *niwjaþau | *niwjaþai | *niwjaiþau |
| 1st dual | *niwjōs | *niwjaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *niwjaþiz | *niwjaiþiz | *niwjaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *niwjamaz | *niwjaim | — | *niwjanþai | *niwjainþau |
| 2nd plural | *niwiþ | *niwjaiþ | *niwiþ | *niwjanþai | *niwjainþau |
| 3rd plural | *niwjanþi | *niwjain | *niwjanþau | *niwjanþai | *niwjainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *niwidǭ | *niwidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *niwidēz | *niwidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *niwidē | *niwidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *niwidēdū | *niwidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *niwidēdudiz | *niwidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *niwidēdum | *niwidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *niwidēdud | *niwidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *niwidēdun | *niwidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *niwjandz | *niwidaz | |||
Descendants
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*neujanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 284
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