< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lahaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *lok-. Compare Old Irish locht (“fault, vice”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈlɑ.xɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*lahaną[1][2][3]

  1. to blame, fault, reproach

Inflection
Conjugation of *lahaną (strong class 6)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *lahō*lahaų—*lahai ?
2nd singular *lahizi*lahaiz*lah*lahazai*lahaizau
3rd singular *lahidi*lahai*lahadau*lahadai*lahaidau
1st dual *lahōz*lahaiw———
2nd dual *lahadiz*lahaidiz*lahadiz——
1st plural *lahamaz*lahaim—*lahandai*lahaindau
2nd plural *lahid*lahaid*lahid*lahandai*lahaindau
3rd plural *lahandi*lahain*lahandau*lahandai*lahaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *lōg*lōgį̄
2nd singular *lōht*lōgīz
3rd singular *lōg*lōgī
1st dual *lōgū*lōgīw
2nd dual *lōgudiz*lōgīdiz
1st plural *lōgum*lōgīm
2nd plural *lōgud*lōgīd
3rd plural *lōgun*lōgīn
present past
participles *lahandz*laganaz
  • *lahstuz
  • *lahstraz
  • *lahtrą/*lahtraz
  • *lakkōną/*lakōną

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *lahan
    • Old English: lēan
      • Middle English: *lēen (attested in past tense lough)
    • Old Saxon: lahan
    • Old High German: lahan
  • Old Norse: *lá
  • ⇒? Proto-Finnic: *laittadak

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*lahan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 322
  2. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*laxanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 232
  3. Seebold, Elmar (1970) “LAH-A-”, in Vergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben (Janua Linguarum. Series practica; 85) (in German), Paris, Den Haag: Mouton, →ISBN, page 321
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