< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kwelaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to hurt”). Related to Lithuanian gélti (“to hurt”), Old Irish atbaill (“to die”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkʷe.lɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *kwelaną (strong class 4)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *kwelō | *kwelaų | — | *kwelai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *kwilizi | *kwelaiz | *kwel | *kwelazai | *kwelaizau |
| 3rd singular | *kwilidi | *kwelai | *kweladau | *kweladai | *kwelaidau |
| 1st dual | *kwelōz | *kwelaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *kweladiz | *kwelaidiz | *kweladiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *kwelamaz | *kwelaim | — | *kwelandai | *kwelaindau |
| 2nd plural | *kwilid | *kwelaid | *kwilid | *kwelandai | *kwelaindau |
| 3rd plural | *kwelandi | *kwelain | *kwelandau | *kwelandai | *kwelaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *kwal | *kwēlį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *kwalt | *kwēlīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *kwal | *kwēlī | |||
| 1st dual | *kwēlū | *kwēlīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *kwēludiz | *kwēlīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *kwēlum | *kwēlīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *kwēlud | *kwēlīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *kwēlun | *kwēlīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *kwelandz | *kulanaz | |||
Descendants
Further reading
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kwelan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 316
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*kwelanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 227
- Seebold, Elmar (1970) “KWEL-A-”, in Vergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben (Janua Linguarum. Series practica; 85) (in German), Paris, Den Haag: Mouton, →ISBN, page 313
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