< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fneusaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pnew-, but presumably interpreted as onomatopoeic judging from the variety in the initial consonants.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈɸneu̯.sɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*fneusaną[1][2]

  1. to sneeze

Inflection
Conjugation of *fneusaną (strong class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *fneusō*fneusaų—*fneusai ?
2nd singular *fniusizi*fneusaiz*fneus*fneusazai*fneusaizau
3rd singular *fniusidi*fneusai*fneusadau*fneusadai*fneusaidau
1st dual *fneusōz*fneusaiw———
2nd dual *fneusadiz*fneusaidiz*fneusadiz——
1st plural *fneusamaz*fneusaim—*fneusandai*fneusaindau
2nd plural *fniusid*fneusaid*fniusid*fneusandai*fneusaindau
3rd plural *fneusandi*fneusain*fneusandau*fneusandai*fneusaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *fnaus*fnuzį̄
2nd singular *fnaust*fnuzīz
3rd singular *fnaus*fnuzī
1st dual *fnuzū*fnuzīw
2nd dual *fnuzudiz*fnuzīdiz
1st plural *fnuzum*fnuzīm
2nd plural *fnuzud*fnuzīd
3rd plural *fnuzun*fnuzīn
present past
participles *fneusandz*fnuzanaz

Derived terms
  • *fnuzô
  • *fnukaz
  • *fnukjaz
  • *fnawwą
  • *fnōsijaną
  • *fnuzzōną

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *fneusan
    • Old English: fnēosan
    • Old Dutch: *fniesan
    • Old High German: *fniosan, *fnūsan
      • Middle High German: phnūsen, pfnūsen, *snūsen, phūsen
        • German: pfnausen (archaic)
        • ⇒ Middle High German: snūsen n (noun)
  • Old Norse: fnjósa
    • Faroese: fnýsa
    • Norwegian: fnysa (dialectal)
    • Swedish: fnysa
    • Danish: fnyse

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*fneusan- ~ *fnūsan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 149
  2. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*fneusanan ~ *fnūsanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 109
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