< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bermô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain: possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰér-mō ~ *bʰr̥-mnés,[1][2] from *bʰer- (“to boil”) (compare with Latin fermentum (“fermentation; yeast”)), or perhaps from *gʷʰér-mō ~ *gʷʰr̥-mnés,[3] from *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈber.mɔːː/

Noun

*bermô m

  1. yeast

Inflection
masculine an-stemDeclension of *bermô (masculine an-stem)
singular plural
nominative *bermô *bermaniz
vocative *bermô *bermaniz
accusative *bermanų *bermanunz
genitive *birminiz *bermanǫ̂
dative *birmini *bermammaz
instrumental *birminē *bermammiz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *bermō
    • Old English: beorma, beorm, bearm
    • Old Frisian: berma
    • Old Saxon: *bermo, *berma
      • Middle Low German: berm, barm
        • German Low German: Barm, Bärme, Bärm
          • → German: Bärme
        • → Danish: bærme
        • → Estonian: pärm
        • → Swedish: bärma
        • → Norwegian: bærme, berme
    • Old Dutch: *bermo; *berma

References
  1. Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 255: “*bher-m-n-”
  2. Boutkan, Dirk, Siebinga, Sjoerd (2005) Old Frisian Etymological Dictionary (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 1), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 60
  3. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*krudda/ōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 306
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