< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/augnijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *augô (“eye”) +‎ *-janą, this verb retains the nasal sound that is present in the inflection of the noun. Doublet of *augijaną which lacks the nasal.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈɑu̯ɣ.ni.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*augnijaną[1]

  1. to show, to display
  2. to watch, to peer

Inflection
Conjugation of *augnijaną (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *augnijō*augnijaų—*augnijai ?
2nd singular *augnīsi*augnijais*augnī*augnijasai*augnijaisau
3rd singular *augnīþi*augnijai*augnijaþau*augnijaþai*augnijaiþau
1st dual *augnijōs*augnijaiw———
2nd dual *augnijaþiz*augnijaiþiz*augnijaþiz——
1st plural *augnijamaz*augnijaim—*augnijanþai*augnijainþau
2nd plural *augnīþ*augnijaiþ*augnīþ*augnijanþai*augnijainþau
3rd plural *augnijanþi*augnijain*augnijanþau*augnijanþai*augnijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *augnidǭ*augnidēdį̄
2nd singular *augnidēz*augnidēdīz
3rd singular *augnidē*augnidēdī
1st dual *augnidēdū*augnidēdīw
2nd dual *augnidēdudiz*augnidēdīdiz
1st plural *augnidēdum*augnidēdīm
2nd plural *augnidēdud*augnidēdīd
3rd plural *augnidēdun*augnidēdīn
present past
participles *augnijandz*augnidaz

Alternative reconstructions
  • *auganijaną[1]
  • *auginijaną[2]

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *augnijan
    • Old English:
      • Middle English: aunen
    • Old High German: *ouganen
      • Middle High German: ougenen, öugenen
  • Old Norse: *eygna
    • Norwegian:
      Norwegian Nynorsk: øygne, øygna, augne, augna
    • Swedish: ögna
    • Danish: øjne

References
  1. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*auʒ(a)njanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 28
  2. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*augenjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 41
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