Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vacca

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Unknown. Sometimes considered to be related to Northern Mansi [script needed] (waś). Parpola (2017) notes a meaning 'womb' in some descendants and proposes early borrowing from Proto-Indo-Iranian *watsás (“calf”), whence also *vasa (“calf”).[1] Holopainen (2019) rejects both of said etymologies.[2] Any connection to Erzya вачо (vačo, “hungry”) is uncertain and the similarity may be coincidental.

Noun

*vacca[3]

stomach
Synonyms: *maha, *mako

Inflection

Inflection of *vacca

	singular	plural
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
nominative	*vacca	*vac'at
accusative	*vac'an	*vac'at
genitive	*vac'an	vaccadën vaccoidën
partitive	*vaccada	*vaccoida
inessive	vac'assa vac'ahna	vac'oissa vac'oihna
elative	*vac'asta	*vac'oista
illative	*vaccahën	*vaccoihën
adessive	*vac'alla	*vac'oilla
ablative	*vac'alta	*vac'oilta
allative	vaccalën vaccalëk	vaccoilën vaccoilëk
essive	*vaccana	*vaccoina
translative	*vac'aksi	*vac'oiksi
instructive	*vac'an	*vac'oin
comitative	*vaccanëk	*vaccoinëk
abessive	*vac'atta	*vac'oitta

Descendants

Estonian: vats
Finnish: vatsa, (dialectal) vatta
- → Proto-Samic: *fāttē (see there for further descendants)
Ingrian: vatsa
Karelian:
- North Karelian: vačča
- South Karelian: vačča
Livonian: vatsā
Livvi: vačču
Ludian: vačč, vacc
Veps: vac
Votic: vattsõ

References

Parpola, Asko. 2017. "Finnic vatsa ~ Sanskrit vatsá- and the formation on Indo-Iranian and Uralic languages". Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 96: 245–286.
Holopainen, Sampsa. 2019. Indo-Iranian borrowings in Uralic : Critical overview of sound substitutions and distribution criterion. . pp. 293–295.
Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*vacca”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto‎ (in Finnish)