< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kenkä

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Akin to Proto-Samic *kieŋkē (“sole of a sledge runner or keel”). Possibly a borrowing from Pre-Germanic *(s)keng-, compare Proto-Germanic *skinkô, *skankô (“thigh, shank”). According to Koivulehto, the sense development would be through "thigh, shank, lower leg" > "lower leg skin" > "shoe made of lower leg skin" > "shoe".[1]

Noun

*kenkä

  1. shoe

Inflection
Inflection of *kenkä
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *kenkä *kengät
accusative *kengän *kengät
genitive *kengän *kenkäden
*kenkeiden
partitive *kenkädä *kenkeidä
inessive *kengässä
*kengähnä		 *kengeissä
*kengeihnä
elative *kengästä *kengeistä
illative *kenkähen *kenkeihen
adessive *kengällä *kengeillä
ablative *kengältä *kengeiltä
allative *kenkälen
*kenkälek		 *kenkeilen
*kenkeilek
essive *kenkänä *kenkeinä
translative *kengäksi *kengeiksi
instructive *kengän *kengein
comitative *kenkänek *kenkeinek
abessive *kengättä *kengeittä

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Estonian: king
  • Finnish: kenkä
  • Ingrian: kenkä
  • Karelian: kenkä, kengä
  • Livonian: kǟnga
    • → Latvian: ķeņģe
  • Livvi: kengy
  • Ludian: keng
  • Veps: keng'
    • → Russian: (dialectal) ке́ньги (kénʹgi)
      • → Belarusian: кеньгы (kjenʹhy)
      • → Ukrainan: ке́нді (kéndi)
  • Votic: tšentše
  • Võro: käng

References
  • “king”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
  • Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
  1. Koivulehto, Jorma. Auf der Suche nach germanischen Elementen im heutigen Wortschatz des Ostseefinnischen und Saamischen: Veröffentlicht anlässlich des 120-jährigen Bestehens des Neuphilologischen Vereins. Neuphilologische Mitteilungen Vol. 108, No. 4 (2007), pp. 577–589. Modern Language Society.
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