-irati

See also: irati and Irati

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From German -ieren with the infinitive ending -en replaced with native -ati. The German suffix is from Middle High German -ieren, from Old French -ier, from Latin -āre.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ǐːrati/

Suffix

-irati (Cyrillic spelling -ирати)

  1. A suffix appended to words, primarily loanwords, to form verbs.
    Synonym: -ovati

Usage notes
  • The suffix -irati is only common in Croatia where it was at one point productive and used to form new verbs. It is still occasionally used to consciously form new verbs from loanwords, especially from Germanic languages. It can also be found in Bosnia and Serbia but to a lesser extent, being mostly used to adopt verbs borrowed from other languages.

Conjugation
Conjugation of -irati
Infinitive: -irati Present verbal adverb: -írajūći Past verbal adverb: — Verbal noun: -írānje
Number Singular Plural
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Verbal forms ja ti on / ona / ono mi vi oni / one / ona
Present -iram -iraš -ira -iramo -irate -iraju
Future Future I -irat ću1
-iraću		 -irat ćeš1
-iraćeš		 -irat će1
-iraće		 -irat ćemo1
-iraćemo		 -irat ćete1
-iraćete		 -irat će1
-iraće
Future II bȕdēm -irao2 bȕdēš -irao2 bȕdē -irao2 bȕdēmo -irali2 bȕdēte -irali2 bȕdū -irali2
Past Perfect -irao sam2 -irao si2 -irao je2 -irali smo2 -irali ste2 -irali su2
Pluperfect3 bȉo sam -irao2 bȉo si -irao2 bȉo je -irao2 bíli smo -irali2 bíli ste -irali2 bíli su -irali2
Imperfect -irah -iraše -iraše -irasmo -iraste -irahu
Conditional I -irao bih2 -irao bi2 -irao bi2 -irali bismo2 -irali biste2 -irali bi2
Conditional II4 bȉo bih -irao2 bȉo bi -irao2 bȉo bi -irao2 bíli bismo -irali2 bíli biste -irali2 bíli bi -irali2
Imperative — -iraj — -irajmo -irajte —
Active past participle -irao m / -irala f / -iralo n -irali m / -irale f / -irala n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.

4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Synonyms
  • -isati (Bosnia, Serbia)

Derived terms
Serbo-Croatian terms suffixed with -irati
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.